Cited in Worlds Enough and Time, edited by Gary Westfahl
Tag Area: Reference Work
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Novel
Novel
Novella
A Christmas Carol
- by Charles Dickens
- (Chapman and Hall, December 1843)
According to my Grandpa Main’s notes (which formed the basis of the first version of the ITTDB), he struggled with what he called the Carol Question as long ago as 1916. Is there actual travel through time in “A Christmas Carol” or not? It’s easy to see why the Carol Question is central to the ITTDB. On the one hand, Scrooge does take a clear trip to the past:
Now if that’s not time travel, what is? Ah . . . “Not so fast!” says Ghost!
Even Ghost Himself admits there’s no interaction with the past. Observation is permitted, but not interaction. They might as well be watching a movie! In general, if you can’t interact with the past and the past can’t see you, then there’s no actual time travel!
Fair enough, but what about Future Ghost? Isn’t He bringing information from the future to Scrooge? Transfer of information from the future to the past may be boring compared to people-jumping, but it is time travel, so the Carol must be granted membership in the list after all, don’t you think? Ah, not so fast again! At one point, Scrooge asks a pertinent question:
The answer is critical to whether time travel occurs. The difference between things that May Be and things that Will Be is like the difference between Damon Knight and Doris Day: Both are quite creative, but (as far as I know) there’s only one you go to for a rousing time travel yarn. Future Ghost never clear answers the question, and moreover, Scrooge appears intent on not having the future he sees come true. So, I want to say that Scrooge saw only a prediction or a prophecy or a vision of a possible future—which is, at best, debatable time travel.
Thus speaketh the ITTDB.
—Michael Main
They walked along the road, Scrooge recognising every gate, and post, and tree; until a little market-town appeared in the distance, with its bridge, its church, and winding river. Some shaggy ponies now were seen trotting towards them with boys upon their backs, who called to other boys in country gigs and carts, driven by farmers. All these boys were in great spirits, and shouted to each other, until the broad fields were so full of merry music, that the crisp air laughed to hear it!
Now if that’s not time travel, what is? Ah . . . “Not so fast!” says Ghost!
“These are but shadows of the things that have been,” said the Ghost. “They have no consciousness of us.”
Even Ghost Himself admits there’s no interaction with the past. Observation is permitted, but not interaction. They might as well be watching a movie! In general, if you can’t interact with the past and the past can’t see you, then there’s no actual time travel!
Fair enough, but what about Future Ghost? Isn’t He bringing information from the future to Scrooge? Transfer of information from the future to the past may be boring compared to people-jumping, but it is time travel, so the Carol must be granted membership in the list after all, don’t you think? Ah, not so fast again! At one point, Scrooge asks a pertinent question:
“Before I draw nearer to that stone to which you point,” said Scrooge, “answer me one question. Are these the shadows of the things that Will be, or are they shadows of things that May be, only?”
The answer is critical to whether time travel occurs. The difference between things that May Be and things that Will Be is like the difference between Damon Knight and Doris Day: Both are quite creative, but (as far as I know) there’s only one you go to for a rousing time travel yarn. Future Ghost never clear answers the question, and moreover, Scrooge appears intent on not having the future he sees come true. So, I want to say that Scrooge saw only a prediction or a prophecy or a vision of a possible future—which is, at best, debatable time travel.
Thus speaketh the ITTDB.
—Michael Main
If these shadows remain unaltered by the Future, the child will die.
Short Story
Mellonta Tauta
- by Edgar Allan Poe
- in Godey’s Lady’s Book, February 1849
So just how did those letters from the year 2848 make their way back to Poe if not for time travel? —Michael Main
To the Editors of the Lady’s Book:—
I have the honor of sending you, for your magazine, an article which I hope you will be able to comprehend rather more distinctly than I do myself. It is a translation, by my friend, Martin Van Buren Mavis, (sometimes called the “Toughkeepsie Seer,”) of an odd-looking MS. which I found, about a year ago, tightly corked up in a jug floating in the Mare Tenebrarum—a sea well described by the Nubian geographer, but seldom visited now-a-days, except for the transcendentalists and divers for crotchets.
Short Story
The Clock That Went Backward
- by Edward Page Mitchell
- New York Sun, 18 September 1881
A young man and his cousin inherit a clock that takes them back to the siege of Leyden at the start of October 1574, where they affect that time as much as it has affected them. This is travel in a machine (or at least an artifact), but they have no control over the destination. —Michael Main
The hands were whirling around the dial from right to left with inconceivable rapidity. In this whirl we ourselves seemed to be borne along. Eternities seemed to contract into minutes while lifetimes were thrown off at every tick.
Novel
Looking Backward from 2000 to 1887
- by Edward Bellamy
- (Ticknor, 1888)
As with The Diothas from earlier in the same decade, our hero tells the story of a man (Julian West) who undergoes hypnotically induced time travel, this time to the year 2000 and a socialist utopian society. —Michael Main
It would have been reason enough, had there been no other, for abolishing money, that its possession was no indication of rightful title to it. In the hands of the man who had stolen it or murdered for it, it was as good as in those which had earned it by industry. People nowadays interchange gifts and favors out of friendship, but buying and selling is considered absolutely inconsistent with the mutual benevolence and disinterestedness which should prevail between citizens and the sense of community of interest which supports our social system. According to our ideas, buying and selling is essentially anti-social in all its tendencies. It is an education in self-seeking at the expense of others, and no society whose citizens are trained in such a school can possibly rise above a very low grade of civilization.
Novel
A Yankee in King Arthur’s Court
- by Mark Twain
- (Charles L. Webster, 1889)
A clonk on the head transports Hank Morgan from the 19th century back to the time of Camelot. We classify Yankee as science fiction not because of its clonk-on-the-head method of time travel, but rather for Hank’s dogged desire to bring modern technology to the Middle Ages. —Michael Main
You know about transmigration of souls; do you know about transportation of epochs—and bodies?
Novel
Sylvie and Bruno
- by Lewis Carroll
- (Macmillan, December 1889)
Alice told us, “I can’t go back to yesterday because I was a different person then.” But Lewis Carroll’s lesser known characters have no such injunction against time traveling. Near the end of the first volume of Sylvie and Bruno, the Professor—who is a sometimes tutor for the royal children Sylvie and Bruno—produces his Outlandish watch that controls time and permits backward time travel up to a full month.
Alas, the Outlandish watch doesn’t play much of a role in the story. Lewis Carroll tries to use it to avert a bicycle accident, and indeed the accident is annihilated, but only temporarily until the time when the watch was first set backward reoccurs. At that point, all is once again as it was with the bicyclist in a lump on the ground. —Michael Main
Alas, the Outlandish watch doesn’t play much of a role in the story. Lewis Carroll tries to use it to avert a bicycle accident, and indeed the accident is annihilated, but only temporarily until the time when the watch was first set backward reoccurs. At that point, all is once again as it was with the bicyclist in a lump on the ground. —Michael Main
“It goes, of course, at the usual rate. Only the time has to go with it. Hence, if I move the hands, I change the time. To move them forwards, in advance of the true time, is impossible: but I can move them as much as a month backwards—that is the limit. And then you have the events all over again—with any alterations experience may suggest.”
“What a blessing such a watch would be,” I thought, “in real life! To be able to unsay some heedless word—to undo some reckless deed! Might I see the thing done?”
“With pleasure!” said the good natured Professor. “When I move this hand back to here,” pointing out the place, “History goes back fifteen minutes!”
Novel
News from Nowhere or, An Epoch of Rest
- by William Morris
- 39 pts, The Commonweal, 11 January 1890 to 4 October 1890
Novel
Novel
The Time Machine
- by H. G. Wells
- serialized in New Review, (five parts, January to May 1895)
In which H. G. Wells’s third foray into time travel finalizes the story of our favorite unnamed Traveller and his machine, all in the form that we know and love.
The two earlier forays were The Chronic Argonaut (which was abandoned after three installments in his school magazine) and seven fictionalized National Observer essays (which sketched out the Traveller and his machine, including a glimpse of the future and proto-Morlocks). The story of The Time Machine itself had three 1895 iterations:
[ul]
[li]A five-part serial in the January through May issues of New Review, The serial contains mostly the story as we know it, but with an alternate chunk in the introduction where the Traveller discusses free will, predestination, and a Laplacian determinism of the universe.
In addition, material from Chapter XIII of the serial (just over a thousand words beginning partway through the first paragraph of page 577 and continuing to page 579, line 29) were omitted from later editions. This section was written for the serial after a back-and-forth written struggle between Wells and New Review editor William Henley. The material had a separate mimeographed publication by fan and Futurian Robert W. Lowndes in 1940 as “The Final Men” and has since had multiple publications elsewhere with varying titles such as “The Gray Man.”[/li]
[li]The US edition: The Time Machine: An Invention, by H. G. Wells (erroneously credited as H. S. Wells in the first release), Henry Holt [publisher], May 1895. This edition may have been completed before the serial, as it varies from the serial more so than the UK edition. It does not contain the extra material in the first chapter or “The Final Men” (although it does have a few additional sentences at that point of Chapter XIII).[/li]
[li]The UK edition: The Time Machine: An Invention,by H. G. Wells, William Heinemann [publisher], May 1895. This edition is a close match to the serial, with the exception of chapter breaks, the extra material in the first chapter, and “The Final Men” (omitted from what is now Chapter XIV).[/li]
[/ul]
—Michael Main
The two earlier forays were The Chronic Argonaut (which was abandoned after three installments in his school magazine) and seven fictionalized National Observer essays (which sketched out the Traveller and his machine, including a glimpse of the future and proto-Morlocks). The story of The Time Machine itself had three 1895 iterations:
[ul]
[li]A five-part serial in the January through May issues of New Review, The serial contains mostly the story as we know it, but with an alternate chunk in the introduction where the Traveller discusses free will, predestination, and a Laplacian determinism of the universe.
In addition, material from Chapter XIII of the serial (just over a thousand words beginning partway through the first paragraph of page 577 and continuing to page 579, line 29) were omitted from later editions. This section was written for the serial after a back-and-forth written struggle between Wells and New Review editor William Henley. The material had a separate mimeographed publication by fan and Futurian Robert W. Lowndes in 1940 as “The Final Men” and has since had multiple publications elsewhere with varying titles such as “The Gray Man.”[/li]
[li]The US edition: The Time Machine: An Invention, by H. G. Wells (erroneously credited as H. S. Wells in the first release), Henry Holt [publisher], May 1895. This edition may have been completed before the serial, as it varies from the serial more so than the UK edition. It does not contain the extra material in the first chapter or “The Final Men” (although it does have a few additional sentences at that point of Chapter XIII).[/li]
[li]The UK edition: The Time Machine: An Invention,by H. G. Wells, William Heinemann [publisher], May 1895. This edition is a close match to the serial, with the exception of chapter breaks, the extra material in the first chapter, and “The Final Men” (omitted from what is now Chapter XIV).[/li]
[/ul]
—Michael Main
I drew a breath, set my teeth, gripped the starting lever with both hands, and went off with a thud.
Short Story
Novel
Short Story
The New Accelerator
- by H. G. Wells
- Strand Magazine, December 1901
The narrator and Professor Gibberne test the professor’s potion that will speed up their metabolisms by a factor of a thousand or more. —Michael Main
I sat down. “Give me the potion,” I said. “If the worst comes to the worst it will save having my hair cut, and that I think is one of the most hateful duties of a civilized man. How do you take the mixture?”
Novel
A Round Trip to the Year 2000; or a Flight through Time
- by W. W. Cook
- serialized in Argosy, July to October 1903
Pursued by Detective Klinch, Everson Lumley takes up Dr. Alonzo Kelpie’s offer to whisk him off to the year 2000 (in his time-coupé) where Lumley first observes various scientific marvels and then realizes that Klinch is still chasing him through time and into more adventures. All that, and there’s also a 1913 sequel!
William Wallace Cook’s larger claim to fame might be his 1928 aid to writers of all ilk: Plotto: The Master Book of All (1,462) Plots. —Michael Main
William Wallace Cook’s larger claim to fame might be his 1928 aid to writers of all ilk: Plotto: The Master Book of All (1,462) Plots. —Michael Main
Although your enemy is within a dozen feet of you, Lumley, he will soon be a whole century behind, and you will be safe.
Novel
The House on the Borderland
- by William Hope Hodgson
- (Chapman and Hall, 1908)
Supernatural-story pioneer William Hope Hodgson was an inspiration for Lovecraft and later generations of writers. This novel of an Irish house that lay at the intersection of monstrous other dimensions seems to include time travel when the narrator witnesses and returns from a future the Earth is falling into the Sun while a second green star visits our solar system. —Michael Main
Years appeared to pass, slowly. The earth had almost reached the center of the sun’s disk. The light from the Green Sun—as now it must be called—shone through the interstices, that gapped the mouldered walls of the old house, giving them the appearance of being wrapped in green flames. The Swine-creatures still crawled about the walls.
Novel
Novel
The Worm Ouroboros
- by E. R. Eddison
- (Jonathan Cape, 1922)
For the most part, the story is a high fantasy in which three chiefs of Demonland—Lord Juss, Spitfire, and Brandoch Daha—embark on a heroic quest to rescue the fourth lord from his imprisonment in the mountains of Impland. However, at the end, Queen Sophonisba undertakes a resolution to the final problem that could well involve time travel. —Michael Main
Lord, it is an Ambassador from Witchland and his train. He craveth present audience."
Short Story
Novel
The Burning Ring
- by Katharine Burdekin
- (Thornton Butterworth, 1927)
In the decade before Tolkien, Derbyshire author Katharine Burdekin wrote of young Robert Carling who had a magic ring of his own, a ring that took him to ancient Rome, the age of Charles II, and the reign of Queen Elizabeth.
Novella
Short Story
The Shadow Girl
- by Ray Cummings
- in Argosy, 22 June to 13 July 1929
In the year 7012 A.D., scientist Poul and his beautiful (shadowy) granddaughter Lea construct a tall tower that can travel throughout time in the area that is presently Central Park in New York City, but an evil mimic creates his own tower from which he conducts time raids (most often involving Lea), and counter-raids ensue.
Lea is but one of the prolific Cummings’s many girls! You can also have the Girl in the Golden Atom, the Sea Girl, the Snow Girl, the Gadget Girl, the Thought Girl, the Girl from Infinite Smallness, and the Onslaught of the Druid Girls.
Lea is but one of the prolific Cummings’s many girls! You can also have the Girl in the Golden Atom, the Sea Girl, the Snow Girl, the Gadget Girl, the Thought Girl, the Girl from Infinite Smallness, and the Onslaught of the Druid Girls.
No vision this! Reality! Empty space, two moments ago. Then a phantom, a moment ago. But a real tower, now! Solid. As real, as existent—now—as these rocks, these trees!
Novel
Last and First Men
- by Olaf Stapledon
- (Methuen, 1930)
Time travel plays only a tiny role in this classic story of the history of men over the coming two billion years—in that the story itself is transmitted through time into the brain of a 20th century writer.
This book has two authors, one contemporary with its readers, the other an inhabitant of an age which they would call the distant future. The brain that conceives and writes these sentences lives in the time of Einstein. Yet I, the true inspirer of this book, I who have begotten it upon that brain, I who influence that primitive being's conception, inhabit an age which, for Einstein, lies in the very remote future.
Feature Film
Just Imagine
- by B. G. De Sylva, Lew Brown, and Ray Henderson, directed by David Butler
- (at movie theaters, USA, 23 November 1930)
Long before there was R2D2, there were RT-42, J-21, and other humans zipping around in their 1980s-era flying cars, racing off to Mars in their personal rockets, and waking a man named Peterson (or, as they say, “Single O”) who was struck down by lightning fifty years earlier. Alas, this is just a long-sleep story, but still worth listing for its historical value. —Michael Main
Well, her boss, Dr. X-10, is trying to bring a man to life who’s been dead fifty years!
Short Story
Feature Film
A Connecticut Yankee
- by William M. Conselman, Owen Davis, and Jack Moffitt, directed by David Butler
- (at movie theaters, USA, 6 April 1931)
This version of Twain’s story borrows some sf tropes from Shelley’s Frankenstein (a mad scientist) and Kipling’s “Wireless” (recovering sound from the past), although all that is small potatoes next to Will Rogers’ folksy wit. His character—Hank “Martin—is tossed back to Camelot when a bolt of lightning and a suit of armor knock him over at the mad scientist’s lab, and at the end, he returns via a similar timeslip. In between, we get one-liners, tommy guns, tanks, cars, characters that are eerily familiar from Martin’s present-day life—and a lot of time to debate whether this version has a real timeslip or is just a dream. —Michael Main
Think! Think of hearing Lincoln’s own voice delivering the Gettysburg address!
Novel
The Time Stream
- by [Error: Missing ':]' tag for wikilink]
- in Wonder Stories, December 1931 to Mar 1932
In this dated sf classic, four like-minded men from 1906 are swept into the time stream via a mental exercise, taken to the land of Eos in a far-off time (possibly in the past, possibly in the future) where they encounter Cheryl (who may or may not be the Cheryl that they know in their own time) and consider how personal freedom may or may not be abrogated.
No man or woman of Eos has the authority to direct, check, or in any way influence the free decision and impulses of another without that other’s full and intelligent consent. We demand the right to follow the natural inclinations of our characters. We demand the right to marry.
Novelette
Poem
The End of the World
- by Ralph Milne Farley
- Science Fiction Digest, July 1933 [Fanzine.]
An homage to Wells’ time traveler ”at the farthest forward point in time to which he penetrated.” —based on an author’s introduction
Feature Film
Berkeley Square
- by Sonya Levien and John L. Balderston, directed by Frank Lloyd
- (premiered at an unknown movie theater, New York City, 13 September 1933)
Leslie Howard reprises his dual role of two Peter Standishes from the 1929 Broadway stage performance of Balderston’s Berkeley Square, which in turn was loosely based on Henry James’s unfinished novel The Sense of the Past. The timeslips result in 18th-century Peter exchanging places with his 20th-century version, and they occur via thunderstorms and an overpowering belief by present-day Peter that the house and a diary he found there are somehow calling him to the past. —Michael Main
I believe that when I go back to my house at Berkeley Square at half past five tonight, I shall walk straight into the 18th century and meet the people living there.
Novella
Sidewise in Time
- by Murray Leinster
- in Astounding Stories, June 1934
Leinster’s title provides hope that this could be an early story of mixed-era geography, and indeed, the world of the story does have seemingly different times adjacent to each other. But we soon find out that these different times are actually the result of alternative histories that have been played out to the twentieth century and then appeared in different geographic areas. Yep! The Norse settled the Americas! The South won the war! The dinosaurs never died! And they're all next door to pompous Professor Minott and his merry band of students. —Michael Main
There are an indefinite nubmer of possible futures, any one of which we would encounter if we took the proper ‘forks” in time.
Short Story
Twilight
- by John W. Campbell, Jr.
- Astounding Stories, November 1934
In 1932, James Waters Bendell picks up a magnificently sculpted hitchhiker named Ares Sen Kenlin (the Sen means he’s a scientist, but Waters is just a name) who says that he’s trying to get back to his home time (3059) after beding pulled into a far distant future where mankind has atrophied because of their reliance on machines. —Jeff Delgado
They stand about, little misshapen men with huge heads. But their heads contain only brains. They had machines that could think—but somebody turned them off a long time ago, and no one knew how to start them again. That was the trouble with them. They had wonderful brains. Far better than yours or mine. But it must have been millions of years ago when they were turned off, too, and they just hadn’t thought since then. Kindly little people.
Short Story
Alas, All Thinking
- by Harry Bates
- Astounding, June 1935
Charles Wayland is tasked with discovering why his cold-hearted college buddy and all-around genius (I.Q. 248) physicist Harlan T. Frick has abandoned everything technical for mundane pursuits such as golfing, clothes, travel, fishing, night clubs, and so on—and the explanation may have to do with either Humpty Dumpty or Frick’s trip to the future with an average (but meditative) young woman named Pearl who is most curious about love.
I showed her New York. She’d say, “But why do the people hurry so? Is it really necessary for all those automobiles to keep going and coming? Do the people like to live in layers? If the United States is as big as you say it is, why do you build such high buildings? What is your reason for having so few people rich, so many people poor?” It was like that. And endless.
Short Story
Night
- by John W. Campbell, Jr.
- Astounding, October 1935
Bob Carter takes a plane up to 45,000 feet to test an anti-gravity device, but instead it hurls him into the same future as the story “Twilight”—but whereas the earlier story had mankind who were dying out in 7,000,000 A.D. because of the ubiquity of machines, Carter finds himself billions of years beyond that, with both man and (most) machines long gone.
Ah, yes, you have a mathematical means of expression, but no understanding of that time, so it is useless. But the last of humanity was allowed to end before the Sun changed from the original G-O stage—a very, very long time ago.
Short Story
The Shadow Out of Time
- by H. P. Lovecraft
- Astounding, June 1936
During an economics lecture, Professor Nathaniel Wingate Peaslee’s body and mind are taken over by a being who can travel to any time and place of his choice, and during the next five years the being studies us, all of which Peaslee pieces together after his return.
Lovecraft scholar S.T. Joshi says that Lovecraft saw the movie Berkeley Square four times in 1933, and “its portrayal of a man of the 20th century who somehow merges his personality with that of his 18th-century ancestor” served as Lovecraft’s inspiration for this story.
Lovecraft scholar S.T. Joshi says that Lovecraft saw the movie Berkeley Square four times in 1933, and “its portrayal of a man of the 20th century who somehow merges his personality with that of his 18th-century ancestor” served as Lovecraft’s inspiration for this story.
The projected mind, in the body of the organism of the future, would then pose as a member of the race whose outward form it wore, learning as quickly as possible all that could be learned of the chosen age and its massed information and techniques.
Novel
Play
Short Story
Short Story
Novel
The Once and Future King
- by T. H. White
- (1938)
Merlyn, who experiences time backward, is the traveler in this series, which was introduced to me by Denbigh Starkey, my undergraduate advisor at WSU and later a member of my Ph.D. committee.
The first four short books in the series were collected (with a substantial cut and revision to #2) into a single volume, The Once and Future King, in 1958. A final part, The Book of Merlyn written in 1941, was published posthumously in 1971.
The first four short books in the series were collected (with a substantial cut and revision to #2) into a single volume, The Once and Future King, in 1958. A final part, The Book of Merlyn written in 1941, was published posthumously in 1971.
- The Sword in the Stone, 1938 —Arthur is crowned
- The Witch in the Wood, 1939, aka The Queen of Air and Darkness (cut and revised), 1958 —young King Arthur
- The Ill-Made Knight (1940)—Sir Lancelot
- The Candle in the Wind (1958)—the end of Camelot
- The Book of Merlyn (1977)—the final battle with Mordred
EVERYTHING NOT FORBIDDEN IS COMPULSORY.
Novel
The Legion of Time
- by Jack Williamson
- serialized in Astounding Science Fiction, May to July 1938
After two beautiful women of two different possible futures appear to physicist Denny Lanning, he finds himself swept up by a time-traveling ship, the Chronion, along with a band of fighting men who swear their allegiance to The Legion of Time and its mission to ensure that the eviler of the two beautiful women never comes to pass.
But Max Planck with the quantum theory, de Broglie and Schroedinger with the wave mechanics, Heisenberg with matrix mechanics, enormously complicated the structure of the universe—and with it the problem of Time.
With the substitution of waves of probability for concrete particles, the world lines of objects are no longer the fixed and simple paths they once were. Geodesics have an infinite proliferation of possible branches, at the whim of sub-atomic indeterminism.
Still, of course, in large masses the statistical results of the new physics are not much different from those given by the classical laws. But there is a fundamental difference. The apparent reality of the universe is the same—but it rests upon a quicksand of possible change.
Novel
Lest Darkness Fall
- by L. Sprague de Camp
- in Unknown, December 1939
During a thunderstorm, archaeologist Martin Padway is thrown back to Rome of 535 A.D., whereupon he sets out to stop the coming Dark Ages.
Padway feared a mob of religious enthusiasts more than anything on earth, no doubt because their mental processes were so utterly alien to his own.
Novel
Short Story
El jardin de senderos que se bifurcan
- by Jorge Luís Borges
- in El jardin de senderos que se bifurcan, (Sur, 1941)
Short Story
Elsewhere
- by Robert A. Heinlein
- Astounding, September 1941
Professor Arthur Frost has a small but willing class of students who explore elsewhere and elsewhen.
Most people think of time as a track that they run on from birth to death as inexorably as a train follows its rails—they feel instinctively that time follows a straight line, the past lying behind, the future lying in front. Now I have reason to believe—to know—that time is analogous to a surface rather than a line, and a rolling hilly surface at that. Think of this track we follow over the surface of time as a winding road cut through hills. Every little way the road branches and the branches follow side canyons. At these branches the crucial decisions of your life take place. You can turn right or left into entirely different futures. Occasionally there is a switchback where one can scramble up or down a bank and skip over a few thousand or million years—if you don’t have your eyes so fixed on the road that you miss the short cut.
Short Story
By His Bootstraps
- by Robert A. Heinlein
- Astounding, October 1941
Bob Wilson, Ph.D. student, throws himself 30,000 years into the future, where he tries to figure out what began this whole adventure.
Evan Zweifel gave me a copy of this magazine as a present!
Evan Zweifel gave me a copy of this magazine as a present!
Wait a minute now—he was under no compulsion. He was sure of that. Everything he did and said was the result of his own free will. Even if he didn’t remember the script, there were some things that he knew “Joe” hadn’t said. “Mary had a little lamb,” for example. He would recite a nursery rhyme and get off this damned repetitive treadmill. He opened his mouth—
Short Story
Mimsy Were the Borogoves
- by Henry Kuttner and C. L. Moore
- Astounding, February 1943
A scientist in the far future sends back two boxes of educational toys to test his time machine. One is discovered by Charles Dodgson’s niece in the 19th century, and the other by two children in 1942.
This story was in the first book that I got from the SF Book Club in the summer of 1970, The Science Fiction Hall of Fame, Volume 1 (edited by Robert Silverberg). I read and reread those stories until the book fell apart.
This story was in the first book that I got from the SF Book Club in the summer of 1970, The Science Fiction Hall of Fame, Volume 1 (edited by Robert Silverberg). I read and reread those stories until the book fell apart.
Neither Paradine nor Jane guessed how much of an effect the contents of the time machine were having on the kids.
Short Story
As Never Was
- by P. Schuyler Miller
- Astounding, January 1944
One of the first inexplicable finds by archaeologists traveling to the future is the blue knife made of no known material brought back by Walter Toynbee who promptly dies, leaving it to his grandson to explain the origin of the knife.
I knew grandfather. He would go as far as his machine could take him. I had duplicated that. He would look around him for a promising site, get out his tools, and pitch in. Well, I could do that, too.
Feature Film
Time Flies
- by J. O. C. Orton, Ted Kavanagh, and Howard Irving Young, directed by Walter Forde
- (at movie theaters, UK, 8 May 1944)
After Susie Barton’s husband invested their nest egg in Time Ferry Services, Ltd., it appears that the only way she’ll ever get anything out of it is by giving a performance in Elizabethan times.
This is the earliest appearance of a time machine—the “Time Ball”—in film that we know of. And based on the name Time Ferry Services, Ltd, it may also be the earliest film mention of a time travel agency. —Michael Main
This is the earliest appearance of a time machine—the “Time Ball”—in film that we know of. And based on the name Time Ferry Services, Ltd, it may also be the earliest film mention of a time travel agency. —Michael Main
Normally, we drift with the current and travel downstream and into what we call the future. Now, if we equip our little boat with a motor, we can speed our passage downstream into the future or, breasting the current, travel upstream to view again those selfsame scenes that were passed by humanity ages ago.
Novel
Novelette
Vintage Season
- by Henry Kuttner and C. L. Moore
- Astounding, September 1946
More and more strange people are appearing each day in and around Oliver Wilson’s home; the explanation from the euphoric redhead leads him to believe they are time travelers gathering for an important event. —Michael Main
Looking backward later, Oliver thought that in that moment, for the first time clearly, he began to suspect the truth. But he had no time to ponder it, for after the brief instant of enmity the three people from—elsewhere—began to speak all at once, as if in a belated attempt to cover something they did not want noticed.
Novelette
Short Story
Brooklyn Project
- by William Tenn
- in Planet Stories, Fall 1948
So far, this is the earliest story I’ve read with the thought that a minuscule change in the past can cause major changes to our time. The setting is a press conference where the Secretary of Security presents the time-travel device to twelve reporters.
The traitorous Shayson and his illegal federation extended this hypothesis to include much more detailed and minor acts such as shifting a molecule of hydrogen that in our past really was never shifted.
Feature Film
A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court
- by Edmund Beloin, directed by Tay Garnett
- (premiered at an unknown movie theater, New York City, 7 April 1949)
Bing Cosby’s delightful portrayal of the Yankee Hank Martin (why not Morgan?!) begins in 1912 after he’s already returned from Camelot. He’s just traveled to England and sought out the very castle of his 6th-century musical adventures, where he proceeds to tell his story to the master of the castle.
Based on Hank’s knowledge of the castle and its displays, the time travel definitely occurred in this version, with both the travel back and travel forward caused by clonks on the head. And based on the ending, Hank might not have been the only traveler through time. —Michael Main
Based on Hank’s knowledge of the castle and its displays, the time travel definitely occurred in this version, with both the travel back and travel forward caused by clonks on the head. And based on the ending, Hank might not have been the only traveler through time. —Michael Main
Docent: Kindly notice the round hole in the breastplate, undoubtedly caused by an iron-tipped arrow of the period.
Hank Martin: [shakes head and grunts] . . . I mean, well, that happens to be a bullet hole.
Novel
The Man Who Lived Backward
- by Malcolm Ross
- (Farrar Straus, 1950)
Mark Selby, born in June of 1940, achieves a unique perspective on life and war and death due to the fact that he lives each day from morning to night, aging in the usual way, but the next morning he wakes up on the previous day until he eventually dies just after (or is it before?) Lincoln’s assassination.
Tomorrow, my tomorrow, is the day of the President’s death.
Short Story
Time’s Arrow
- by Arthur C. Clarke
- in Science-Fantasy, Summer 1950
Barton and Davis, assistants to Professor Fowler, are on an archaeological dig when a physicist sets up camp next door and speculations abound about viewing into the past—or is it only viewing? —Michael Main
The discovery of negative entropy introduces quite new and revolutionary conceptions into our picture of the physical world.
Short Story
The Fox and the Forest
- by Ray Bradbury
- in Collier’s, 13 May 1950
Roger Kristen and his wife decide to take a time-travel vacation and then run so they’ll never have to return to the war torn world of 2155 AD.
The inhabitants of the future resent you two hiding on a tropical isle, as it were, while they drop off the cliff into hell. Death loves death, not life. Dying people love to know that others die with them. It is a comfort to learn you are not alone in the kiln, in the grave. I am the guardian of their collective resentment against you two.
Short Story
The Little Black Bag
- by C. M. Kornbluth
- Astounding, July 1950
In a 25th century where the vast majority of people have stunted intelligence (or at least talk with poor grammar), a physicist accidentally sends a medical bag back through time to Dr. Bayard Full, a down-on-his-luck, generally drunk, always callously self-absorbed, dog-kicking shyster. Despite falling in with a guttersnipe of a girl, Annie Aquella, he tries to make good use of the gift.
Switch is right. It was about time travel. What we call travel through time. So I took the tube numbers he gave me and I put them into the circuit-builder; I set it for ‘series’ and there it is-my time-traveling machine. It travels things through time real good.
Novel
Time and Again
- by Clifford D. Simak
- in Galaxy, October to December 1950 [3-part serial]
After twenty years, Ash Sutton returns in a cracked-up ship without food, air or water—only to report that the mysterious planet that nobody can visit is no threat to Earth. But a man from the future insists that Sutton must be killed to stop a war in time; while Sutton himself, who has developed metaphysical, religious leanings, finds a copy of This Is Destiny, the very book that he is planning to write.
It would reach back to win its battles. It would strike at points in time and space which would not even know that thre was a war. It could, logically, go back to the silver mines of Athens, to the horse and chariot of Thutmosis III, to the sailing of Columbus.
Short Story
Short Story
. . . and It Comes Out Here
- by Lester del Rey
- in Galaxy, February 1951
Old Jerome Boell, inventor of the household atomic power unit, visits his young self to make sure that the household atomic power unit gets invented, so to speak.
But it’s a longish story, and you might as well let me in. You will, you know, so why quibble about it? At least, you always have—or do—or will. I don’t know, verbs get all mixed up. We don’t have the right attitude toward tenses for a situation like this.
Short Story
Of Time and Third Avenue
- by Alfred Bester
- Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, October 1951
Apparently, time travel has rules. For example, you cannot go back and simply take something from the past—it must be given to you. Thus, our man from the future must talk young Oliver Wilson Knight and his girlfriend into giving up the 1990 almanac that they bought in 1950.
If there was such a thing as a 1990 almanac, and if it was in that package, wild horses couldn’t get it away from me.
Novel
Short Story
A Sound of Thunder
- by Ray Bradbury
- in Collier’s, 28 June 1952
Eckels, a wealthy hunter, is one of three hunters on a prehistoric hunt for T. Rex conducted by Time Safari, Inc.
This was not the first speculation on small changes in the past causing big changes now (for example, Tenn’s “Me, Myself, and I”), but I wonder whether this was the first time that sensitive dependence on initial conditions was expressed in terms of a single butterfly.
This was not the first speculation on small changes in the past causing big changes now (for example, Tenn’s “Me, Myself, and I”), but I wonder whether this was the first time that sensitive dependence on initial conditions was expressed in terms of a single butterfly.
Not a little thing like that! Not a butterfly!
Short Story
All the Time in the World
- by Arthur C. Clarke
- Startling Stories, July 1952
Robert Ashton is offered a huge amount of money to carry out a foolproof plan of robbing the British Museum of its most valuable holdings. —Michael Main
Your time scale has been altered. A minute in the outer world would be a year in this room.
Short Story
Bring the Jubilee
- by Ward Moore
- Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, November 1952
In a world where the South won the “War for Southern Independence,” Hodge Backmaker, a northern country bumpkin with academic leanings, makes his way to New York City where he becomes disillusioned, ponders the notions of time and free will, and eventually goes to a communal think-tank where time travel offers him the chance to visit the key Gettysburg battle of the war.
I could say that time is an illusion and that all events occur simultaneously.
Short Story
Novelette
Short Story
Who’s Cribbing?
- by Jack Lewis
- Startling Stories, January 1953
Jack Lewis finds that all his story submissions are being returned to him with accusations of plagiarizing the great, late Todd Thromberry, but Lewis has another explanation.
Dear Mr. Lewis,
We think you should consult a psychiatrist.
Sincerely,
Doyle P. Gates
Science Fiction Editor
Deep Space Magazine
Short Story
Time Bum
- by C. M. Kornbluth
- Fantastic January/February 1953
After a con man reads a lurid science fiction magazine, a man who’s quite apparently out-of-time shows up to rent a furnished bungalow from Walter Lacblan.
Esperanto isn’t anywhere. It’s an artificial language. I played around with it a little once. It was supposed to end war and all sorts of things. Some people called it the language of the future.
Short Story
Short Story
Common Time
- by James Blish
- in Shadow of Tomorrow, edited by Frederik Pohl (Permabooks, July 1953)
Spaceman Garrard is the third pilot to attempt the trip to the binary star system of Alpha Centauri using the FTL drive invented by Dolph Haertel (the next Einstein!) The Haertel Complex stories provide little in the way of actual time travel, but this one does have minor relativistic time dilation and more significant differing time rates. —Michael Main
Figuring backward brought him quickly to the equivalence he wanted: one second in ship time was two hours in Garrard time.
Novelette
Novelette
Jon’s World
- by Philip K. Dick
- in Time to Come: Science-Fiction Stories of Tomorrow, edited by August Derleth; Farrar (Strass and Young, April 1954)
First the Soviets and the Westerners fought. Then the Westerners brought Schonerman’s killer robots into the mix. Then the robots fought both human sides. You know all that from Dick’s earlier story, “Second Variety.” But now it’s long after the desolation, long enough that Caleb Ryan and his financial backer Kastner are willing to bring back the secret of Schonerman’s robots from the past to make their world a better place for surviving mankind, including Ryan’s visionary son Jon. —Michael Main
And then theterminator’sclaws began to manufacture their own varieties and attack Soviets and Westerners alike. The only humans that survived were those at the UN base on Luna.
Short Story
Short Story
Time Patrol
- Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, May 1955
Former military engineer Manse Everard is recruited by the Time Patrol to prevent time travelers from making major changes to history (history bounces back from the small stuff).
For me, the logic of these stories pushes in a good direction, but still leaves one gaping hole that’s evinced by the fate of Manse’s compatriot Keith Denison in “Brave to Be a King”—namely, what happened to the younger Denison? Perhaps my problem is simply that I don’t grok ℵℵ-valued logic.
The stories have been collected in various volumes, the most complete of which is the 2006 Time Patrol that contains all but The Shield of Time.
For me, the logic of these stories pushes in a good direction, but still leaves one gaping hole that’s evinced by the fate of Manse’s compatriot Keith Denison in “Brave to Be a King”—namely, what happened to the younger Denison? Perhaps my problem is simply that I don’t grok ℵℵ-valued logic.
The stories have been collected in various volumes, the most complete of which is the 2006 Time Patrol that contains all but The Shield of Time.
If you went back to, I would guess, 1946, and worked to prevent your parents’ marriage in 1947, you would still have existed in that year; you would not go out of existence just because you had influenced events. The same would apply even if you had only been in 1946 one microsecond before shooting the man who would otherwise have become your father.
Novel
The End of Eternity
- by Isaac Asimov
- (Doubleday, August 1955)
Andrew Harlan, Technician in the everwhen of Eternity, falls in love and starts a chain of events that could lead to the end of everything. —Michael Main
He had boarded the kettle in the 575th Century, the base of operations assigned to him two years earlier. At the time the 575th had been the farthest upwhen he had ever traveled. Now he was moving upwhen to the 2456th Century.
Feature Film
Cesta do pravěku
- by J.A. Novotný and Karel Zeman, directed by Karel Zeman
- (at theaters, Czechoslovakia, 5 August 1955)
Novelette
Delenda Est
- by Poul Anderson
- Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, December 1955
Events are the result of a complex. There are no single causes. That’s why it’s so hard to change history. If I went back to, say, the Middle Ages, and shot one of FDR’s Dutch forebears, he’ll still be born in the late nineteenth century—because he and his genes resulted fom the entire world of his ancestors, and there’d have been compensation. But evey so often, a really key event does occur. Some one happening is a nexus of so many world lines that its outcome is decisive for the whole future.
Short Story
A Gun for Dinosaur
- by L. Sprague de Camp
- in Galaxy, March 1956
Dinosaur hunter Reggie Rivers and his partner, the Raja, organize time-travel safaris in a world with a Hawking-style chronological protection principle.
Oh, I’m no four-dimensional thinker; but, as I understand it, if people could go back to a more recent time, their actions would affect our own history, which would be a paradox or contradiction of facts. Can’t have that in a well-run universe, you know.
Feature Film
Novelette
Short Story
The Failed Men
- by Brian Aldiss
- in Science Fantasy, May 1956
Surry Edmark, a 24th century volunteer on a humanitarian mission to save mankind from extinction some 360,000 centuries in the future, tells his story to a comforting young Chinese woman.
You are the struback.
Short Story
Absolutely Inflexible
- by Robert Silverberg
- Fantastic Universe, July 1956
Whenever one-way jumpers from the past show up, it’s up to Mahler to shuffle them off to the moon where they won’t present any danger of infection to the rest of humanity, but now Mahler is faced with a two-way jumper.
Even a cold, a common cold, would wipe out millions now. Resistance to disease has simply vanished over the past two centuries; it isn’t needed, with all diseases conquered. But you time-travelers show up loaded with potentialities for all the diseases the world used to have. And we can’t risk having you stay here with them.
Short Story
Compounded Interest
- by Mack Reynolds
- Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, August 1956
“Mr. Smith” shows up in 1300 A.D. to invest ten gold coins at 10% annual interest with Sior Marin Goldini’s firm, after which he shows up every 100 years to provide guidance.
In one hundred years, at ten per cent compounded annually, your gold would be worth better than 700,000 zecchini.
Short Story
Novel
Novel
The Door Into Summer
- by Robert A. Heinlein
- Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, Oct-Dec 1956
Inventor Dan Davis falls into bad company and wakes up 30 years later, but he gets an idea of how to put things right even at this late point.
Denver in 1970 was a very quaint place with a fine old-fashioned flavor; I became very fond of it. It was nothing like the slick New Plan maze it had been (or would be) when I had arrived (or would arrive) there from Yuma; it still had less than two million people, there were still buses and other vehicular traffic in the streets—there were still streets; I had no trouble finding Colfax Avenue.
Novel
Short Story
Novel
Novel
Novel
The Lincoln Hunters
- by Wilson Tucker
- (Rinehart, 1958)
When a time travel novel brags the title The Lincoln Hunters, you more-or-less expect a mad race to stop John Wilkes Booth, but Tucker’s book instead focuses on Benjamin Steward, an agent of Time Researchers who is pegged to lead a team from the year 2578 back to 1856 Bloomington, Illinois, where they plan to record Lincoln’s lost speech condemning slavery.
Full of fire and energy and force; it was logic; it was pathos; it was enthusiasm; it was justice, equity, truth and right, the good set ablaze by the divine fires of a soul maddened by the wrong; it was hard, heavy, knotty, gnarled, edged and heated, backed with wrath.
Novel
The Time Traders
- by Andre Norton
- (World Publishing Co., 1958)
Young Ross Murdock, on the streets and getting by with petty crime and quick feet, gets nabbed and sent to a secret project near the north pole—the first of many secret projects for the Time Traders series.
So they have not briefed you? Well, a run is a little jaunt back into history—not nice comfortable history such as you learned out of a book when you were a little kid. No, you are dropped back into some savage time before history—
Feature Film
Terror from the Year 5,000
- written and directed by Robert J. Gurney, Jr.
- (at theaters, January 1958October
Novel
Short Story
The Ugly Little Boy
- by Isaac Asimov
- (Galaxy Science Fiction, September 1958, pp. 6-44.)
Edith Fellowes is hired to look after young Timmie, a Neanderthal boy brought from the past, but never able to leave the time stasis bubble where he lives.
He was a very ugly little boy and Edith Fellowes loved him dearly.
Short Story
The Men Who Murdered Mohammed
- by Alfred Bester
- Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, October 1958
When Professor Henry Hassel discovers his wife in the arms of another man, he does what any mad scientist would do: build a time machine to go back and kill his wife’s grandfather. He has no trouble changing the past, but any effect on the present seems rather harder to achieve.
“While I was backing up, I inadvertently trampled and killed a small Pleistocene insect.”
“Aha!” said Hassel.
“I was terrified by the indicent. I had visions of returning to my world to find it completely changed as a result of this single death. Imagine my surprise when I returned to my world to find that nothing had changed!”
Short Story
“—All You Zombies—”
- by Robert A. Heinlein
- Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, March 1959
A 25-year-old man, originally born as an orphan girl named Jane, tells his story to a 55-year-old bartender who then recruits him for a time-travel adventure. —Michael Main
When I opened you, I found a mess. I sent for the Chief of Surgery while I got the baby out, then we held a consultation with you on the table—and worked for hours to salvage what we could. You had two full sets of organs, both immature, but with the female set well enough developed for you to have a baby. They could never be any use to you again, so we took them out and rearranged things so that you can develop properly as a man.
Novelette
Brave to Be a King
- by Poul Anderson
- Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, August 1959
Patrolman Keith Denison uses some sketchy tactics (sketchy to the Patrol, that is) to track down his partner Keith Denison, who’s disappeared in the time of the Persian King Cyrus the Great, —Michael Main
In the case of a missing man, you were not required to search for him just because a record somewhere said you had done so. But how else would you stand a chance of finding him? You might possibly go back and thereby change events so that you did find him after all—in which case the report you filed would “always” have recorded your success, and you alone would know the “former” truth.
Novel
TV Episode
Walking Distance
- by Rod Serling, directed by Robert Stevens
- (CBS-TV, USA, 30 October 1959)
Stopped at a gas station outside of his boyhood hometown, burnt-out executive Martin Sloan decides to explore the town, which surprisingly has not changed at all in twenty-some years. —Michael Main
I know you’ve come from a long way from here . . . a long way and a long time.
Novelette
The Only Game in Town
- by Poul Anderson
- Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, January 1960
While on a two-man mission to stop a Mongol party from exploring North America in AD 1280, Patrolman John Sandoval gets a cracked skull, which leaves Manse Everard to figure out a way to save John and the mission while waxing philosophical about time travel and the Time Patrol. —Michael Main
Thin lightnings winked from above. The cloven air boomed behind them. He felt a chill, deeper than the night cold. But he eased his pace. There was no more reason for hurry.
Novelette
The Only Game in Town
- by Poul Anderson
- Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, January 1960
While on a two-man mission to stop a Mongol party from exploring North America in AD 1280, Patrolman John Sandoval gets a cracked skull, which leaves Manse Everard to figure out a way to save John and the mission while waxing philosophical about time travel and the Time Patrol. —Michael Main
Thin lightnings winked from above. The cloven air boomed behind them. He felt a chill, deeper than the night cold. But he eased his pace. There was no more reason for hurry.
TV Episode
Execution
- by Rod Serling, directed by David Orrick McDearmon
- (CBS-TV, USA, 1 April 1960)
Back in the 1880s, just after a man without conscience is dropped from a lone tree with a rope around his neck, a scientist pulls him into 20th-century New York City.
Serling wrote this script based on a George Clayton Johnson’s bare bones, present-tense treatment for a TV script, complete with an indication of where the commercial break should go. For this episode, Serling filled in the flesh and cut the fat from a bare bones, present-tense treatment by George Clayton Johnson. The treatment appeared in Johnson’s 1977 retrospective collection of scripts and stories, and in Volume 9 of Serling’s collected Twilight Zone scripts, Johnson commented that “Rod took my idea and went off to the races with it. He had a remarkable knowledge of what would and wouldn’t work on television, and he took everything that wouldn’t work out of ‘Execution’. He worked like a surgeon; a little snip here, a complete amputation over there, move this bone into place, graft over that one. When he was done, my little story had grown into a television script that lived and breathed on its own.” Serling also added a nice twist at the end that, for us, warranted the TV episode an Eloi Honorable Mention.
Rod Serling wrote this script based on a 1960 Twilight Zone episode of the same name, but I’m uncertain whether the story was published before Johnson’s 1977 retrospective collection. —Michael Main
Serling wrote this script based on a George Clayton Johnson’s bare bones, present-tense treatment for a TV script, complete with an indication of where the commercial break should go. For this episode, Serling filled in the flesh and cut the fat from a bare bones, present-tense treatment by George Clayton Johnson. The treatment appeared in Johnson’s 1977 retrospective collection of scripts and stories, and in Volume 9 of Serling’s collected Twilight Zone scripts, Johnson commented that “Rod took my idea and went off to the races with it. He had a remarkable knowledge of what would and wouldn’t work on television, and he took everything that wouldn’t work out of ‘Execution’. He worked like a surgeon; a little snip here, a complete amputation over there, move this bone into place, graft over that one. When he was done, my little story had grown into a television script that lived and breathed on its own.” Serling also added a nice twist at the end that, for us, warranted the TV episode an Eloi Honorable Mention.
Rod Serling wrote this script based on a 1960 Twilight Zone episode of the same name, but I’m uncertain whether the story was published before Johnson’s 1977 retrospective collection. —Michael Main
Caswell: I wanna see if there are things out there like you described to me. Carriages without horses and the buildings that rise to—
Professor Manion: They’re out there, Caswell. . . . Things you can’t imagine.
Feature Film
The Time Machine
- by David Duncan, directed by George Pal
- (at limited movie theaters, Rome, 25 May 1960)
The Traveller now has a name—H. George Wells (played by Rod Taylor)—and Weena has the beautiful face and talent of Yvette Mimieux. —Michael Main
When I speak of time, I’m speaking of the fourth dimension.
Feature Film
Beyond the Time Barrier
- by Arthur C. Pierce, directed by Edgar G. Ulmer
- (at movie theaters, USA, circa July 1960)
Major Bill Allison flies the experimental X-80 into the year 2024 where a plague has turned most humans into subhuman mutants and the rest are mostly deaf, dumb, and sterile. Once there, the leaders of an underground citadel (not to be confused with the ITTDB Citadel) have plans for him to marry the beautiful telepathic (and possibly non-sterile) Princess Trirene, and thereby re-populate the world. But together with Trirene and a small group of scientists, he devises a plan to return to his own time and prevent the plague from ever occurring.
The flight to the future is explained by scientific gibberish that contains a high concentration of mumbo jumbo, but the gist of it is that the speed of Allison’s plane (around 10,000 mph) added to the rotational speed of the Earth plus the speed of the Earth’s orbit around the sun plus the speed of the Solar System around the center of the galaxy plus maybe another speed or two, managed to bring his total speed close to that of light, which brought him to the future. Apparently, reversing his plane’s path is all that’s needed to return him to the past (ideally with Trirene beside him).
A self-defeating act paradox is set up nicely (if Alison stops the plague, then the citadel in the, future won’t be there to send him back to stop the plague), but the issue is never explicitly discussed and the ending of the film is inconclusive on the matter. Nevertheless, I commend the film for being the first to raise the issue of time travel paradoxes, albeit in the background. —Michael Main
The flight to the future is explained by scientific gibberish that contains a high concentration of mumbo jumbo, but the gist of it is that the speed of Allison’s plane (around 10,000 mph) added to the rotational speed of the Earth plus the speed of the Earth’s orbit around the sun plus the speed of the Solar System around the center of the galaxy plus maybe another speed or two, managed to bring his total speed close to that of light, which brought him to the future. Apparently, reversing his plane’s path is all that’s needed to return him to the past (ideally with Trirene beside him).
A self-defeating act paradox is set up nicely (if Alison stops the plague, then the citadel in the, future won’t be there to send him back to stop the plague), but the issue is never explicitly discussed and the ending of the film is inconclusive on the matter. Nevertheless, I commend the film for being the first to raise the issue of time travel paradoxes, albeit in the background. —Michael Main
I may be able to prevent it: Is that what you mean?
Novelette
The Six Fingers of Time
- by R. A. Lafferty
- If, September 1960
The story does not involve time travel, but it does have speeded-up time as in “The New Accelerator” by H. G. Wells. —Fred Galvin
I awoke this morning to some very puzzling incidents. It seemed that time itself had stopped, or that the whole world had gone into super-slow motion.
TV Episode
The Trouble with Templeton
- by E. Jack Neuman, directed by Buzz Kulik
- (CBS-TV, USA, 9 December 1960)
The trouble with aging actor Booth Templeton is that he sees life as useless even decades after his young wife died. The answer to his trouble may lie in the people he meets—including his dead wife, Laura!—in what appears to be his hangouts from some thirty years ago. Actual time travel or something more fantastical? You be the judge. —Michael Main
Laura! The freshest, most radiant creature God ever created. Eighteen when I married her, Marty, . . . twenty-five when she died.
TV Episode
A Most Unusual Camera
- by Rod Serling, directed by John Rich
- (CBS-TV, 16 December 1960)
Petty thieves Chet and Paula Diedrich are frustrated, angry, and in a bickering mood when they find nothing but cheap junk in the 400-lbs. of stuff they lifted from a curios store in the middle of the night, . . . until that boxy looking camera with the indecipherable label—dix à la propriétaire—produces a photo of the immediate future. —Michael Main
Yeah, it takes dopey pictures—dopey pictures like things that haven’t happened yet, but they do happen.
TV Episode
TV Episode
TV Episode
Short Story
The End
- by Fredric Brown
- in Dude, May 1961
I like Fredric Brown and his creative mind, but this was just a gimmick short short time-travel story in which the gimmick didn’t gimme anything. Now, if he had used this gimmick and the story had actually parsed, that would have caught my attention.
. . . run backward run. . .
Short Story
TV Episode
Novel
Novel
Short Story
Short Film
La jetée
- written and directed by Chris Marker
- (at movie theaters, France, 16 February 1962) [Accessed at Youtube on 28 February 2022.]
In a world made uninhabitable by the Third World War, a prisoner is chosen as being the only person with vivid enough memories of the past to travel through time and return with salvation.
This 28-minute photo montage with about 1,200 words of narration has a nice seed of an idea, but I find it insulting to other talented filmmakers that Time magazine ranked this sketch of a film as #1 in their 2010 list of best time travel movies. —Michael Main
This 28-minute photo montage with about 1,200 words of narration has a nice seed of an idea, but I find it insulting to other talented filmmakers that Time magazine ranked this sketch of a film as #1 in their 2010 list of best time travel movies. —Michael Main
Tel était le but des expériences : projeter dans le Temps des émissaires, appeler le passé et l’avenit au secours du présent.translate
Such was the purpose of the experiments: to project emissaries into Time, to summon the Past and the Future to the aid of the Present.
Feature Film
Muz z prvního století
- written by Oldřich Lipský et al., directed by Oldrich Lipský
- (at theaters, Czechoslovakia, March 1962)
TV Episode
TV Episode
Of Late I Think of Cliffordsville
- by Rod Serling, directed by David Lowell Rich
- (CBS-TV, 11 April 1963)
TV Episode
The Incredible World of Horace Ford
- by Rod Serling, directed by Abner Biberman
- (CBS-TV, 18 April 1963)
Novel
The Great Time Machine Hoax
- by Keith Laumer
- in Fantastic Stories of Imagination, June to August 1963
When Chester W. Chester inherits an omniscient computer, he and his business partner Case Mulvihill arrange to promote the machine as if it were a time machine.
Now, this computer seems to be able to fake up just about any scene you want to take a look at. You name it, it sets it up. Chester, we’ve got the greatest side-show attraction in circus history! We book the public in at so much a head, and show ’em Daily Life in Ancient Rome, or Michelangelo sculpting the Pietà, or Napoleon leading the charge at Marengo.
TV Episode
TV Series
Dr. Who
- by Sydney Newman et al.
- (23 November 1963)
Sadly, I’ve never been a vassel of the Time Lord, though I’ve seen his pull on his other subjects such as my student Viktor who gave me a run-down of the TV and movie series and spin-offs. In exchange, I guaranteed him at least a 4-star rating and he promised to never again mention the short story, comic book, audio book, radio, cartoon, novel, t-shirt, stage and coffee mug spin-offs.
Hard to remember. Some time soon now, I think.
Short Story
La macchina che fermera il tempo
- by Dino Buzzati
- in Les 20 meilleurs récits de science-fiction, edited by Hubert Juin (Marabout, 1964)
Novel
TV Episode
Short Story
TV Episode
Short Story
TV Episode
Soldier
- by Harlan Ellison and Leslie Stevens, directed by Gerd Oswald
- (ABC-TV, USA 19 September 1964)
Feature Film
The Time Travelers
- written and directed by Ib Melchior
- (at movie theaters, USA, 29 October 1964)
Using their time viewer, three scientists see a desolate landscape 107 years in the future, at which point the electrician realizes that the viewer has unexpectedly become a portal. All four jump through, only to have the portal collapse behind them, whereupon they are chased on the surface by Morlockish creatures who are afraid of thrown rocks, and they meet an advanced, post-apocalyptic, underground society that employs androids and is planning a generation-long trip to Alpha Centauri.
The film draws in at least four important additional time travel tropes: suspended animation, a single nonbranching, static timeline (with the corresponding inability to go back and change it), experiencing the passage of time at different rates, and a trip to the far future. And according to the SF Encyclopedia, the film was originally conceived as a sequel to the 1960 film of The Time Machine. —Michael Main
The film draws in at least four important additional time travel tropes: suspended animation, a single nonbranching, static timeline (with the corresponding inability to go back and change it), experiencing the passage of time at different rates, and a trip to the far future. And according to the SF Encyclopedia, the film was originally conceived as a sequel to the 1960 film of The Time Machine. —Michael Main
Isn’t it obvious? The war did happen. You never did go back with your warning.
Short Story
Short Story
Man in His Time
- by Brian Aldiss
- in Science Fantasy, April 1965
Janet Westerman is trying to cope with the return of her husband Jack from a mission to Mars in which some aspect of the planet made it so that his sensory input now comes from 3.3077 minutes in the future.
Dropping the letter, she held her head in her hands, closing her eyes as in the curved bone of her skull she heard all her possible courses of action jar together, future lifelines that annihilated each other.
Novel
The Corridors of Time
- by Poul Anderson
- in Amazing, May-Jun 1965
While awaiting trial for a self-defense killing, young Malcolm Lockridge is approached by a wealthy beauty, Storm Darroway, who offers to defend him in return for him joining her in what he eventually finds out are Wars in Time between the naturalist Wardens and the technocrat Rangers.
For many years, I thought this novel was part of Poul’s Time Patrol series, until Bob Hasse mentioned this as one of his favorites that is not in the series. The beginning reminded me of Heinlein’s Glory Road, and the rest is reminiscent of Asimov’s The End of Eternity, both of which captivated me in the summer of 1968. Poul’s book holds up well in that company.
For many years, I thought this novel was part of Poul’s Time Patrol series, until Bob Hasse mentioned this as one of his favorites that is not in the series. The beginning reminded me of Heinlein’s Glory Road, and the rest is reminiscent of Asimov’s The End of Eternity, both of which captivated me in the summer of 1968. Poul’s book holds up well in that company.
A series of parallel black lines, several inches apart, extended from it, some distance across the corridor floor. At the head of each was a brief inscription, in no alphabet he could recognize. But every ten feet or so a number was added. He saw 4950, 4951, 4952. . .
Feature Film
Doctor Who and the Daleks
- by Milton Subotsky, directed by Gordon Flemyng
- (unknown release details, 25 June 1965)
Novel
Novel
October the First Is Too Late
- by Fred Hoyle
- (William Heinemann, 1966)
Dick, a composer, and his boyhood friend John, now an eminent scientist, find themselves in a patchwork world of different times from classical Greece to a far future that humanity barely survives.
My favorable impression is no doubt reflective of the time when I read it (the summer of 1970, nearly 13, while moving from Washington State to Alabama). Perhaps the fiction doesn’t hold up as well decades later up, but the issues of time that it brings up still interest me and it was my first exposure to the idea of a geographic timeslip. And, similar to Asimov, Hoyle served to cultivate my interest in the natural sciences. —Michael Main
My favorable impression is no doubt reflective of the time when I read it (the summer of 1970, nearly 13, while moving from Washington State to Alabama). Perhaps the fiction doesn’t hold up as well decades later up, but the issues of time that it brings up still interest me and it was my first exposure to the idea of a geographic timeslip. And, similar to Asimov, Hoyle served to cultivate my interest in the natural sciences. —Michael Main
To the Reader: The “science” in this book is mostly scaffolding for the story, story-telling in the traditional sense. However, the discussions of the significance of time and the meaning of consciousness are intended to be quite serious, as also are the contents of chapter fourteen. —from Hoyle’s preface
Short Story
Short Story
Divine Madness
- by Roger Zelazny
- in Magazine of Horror, Summer 1966
A man has seizures that reverse small portions of his life that he must then relive.
The door slammed open.
Novel
Short Story
Light of Other Days
- by Bob Shaw
- Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact, August 1966
On a driving holiday in Argyll, Mr. and Mrs. Garland hope to find a way out of their hateful marriage, but instead they find a field of slow glass harvesting the light of other days. —Michael Main
Apart from its stupendous novelty value, the commercial success of slow glass was founded on the fact that having a scenedow was the exact emotional equivalent of owning land.
Feature Film
Daleks’ Invasion Earth 2150 A.D.
- by Milton Subotsky, directed by Gordon Flemyng
- (at movie theaters, UK, 5 August 1966)
Novella
Behold the Man
- by Michael Moorcock
- New Worlds, September 1966
The first version of this story that I read was the 24-page graphic adaptation scripted by Doug Moench and illustrated by Alex Nino in final issue of my favorite comic magazine of 1975, the short-lived Unknown Worlds of Science Fiction. In the complex story, Karl Glogauer travels back to 28 A.D. hoping to meet Jesus, but none of the historical figures he meets are who he expected.
The Time Machine was a sphere full of milky fluid in which the traveller floated, enclosed in a rubber suit, breathing through a hose leading into the wall of the machine.
Feature Film
Feature Film
Dimension 5
- by Arthur C. Pierce, directed by Franklin Adreon
- (at movie theaters, USA, October 1966)
Justin Power, a 007-poser, has one thing that 007 never had: a spacetime belt with an eight-week time range forward or backward. As near as I can tell, going to the past rewinds time with only you retaining your memory. When you travel to the future, you just skip the intervening time and reappear at the same spot. And it seems you can also travel to nearby locations. I sure hope that Power and his sidekick Kitty can stop the H-bomb that’s being assembled in Los Angeles in the twenty film-minutes that are left after taking their time to set up the situation. —Michael Main
Power: [serious voice] One of the rules of time travel, Kitty, is to never kill anyone in the past, ’cause it might start a chain reaction that could indirectly affect your own life.
TV Episode
Tomorrow Is Yesterday
- by D. C. Fontana, directed by Michael O’Herlihy
- (NBC-TV, USA, 26 January 1967)
Darn those high-gravity black stars! Always accidentally throwing starships hither and yon through time. Although in this case, the crew of the Enterprise manages to correct all the problems they caused by beaming 1960s Air Force pilot Captain John Christopher on board. —Michael Main
Spock: Fifty years to go. Forty. Thirty.
Kirk: Never mind, Mr. Spock.
Spock: [silence]
Novel
Short Story
Thus We Frustrate Charlemagne
- by R. A. Lafferty
- in Galaxy, February 1967
The Ktistec machine Epiktistes and wise men of the world decide to change one moment in the dark ages while they carefully watch for changes in their own time.
We set out basic texts, and we take careful note of the world as it is. If the world changes, then the texts should change here before our eyes.
TV Episode
The City on the Edge of Forever
- by Harlan Ellison, directed by Joseph Pevney
- (NBC-TV, USA, 6 April 1967)
After a delirious Bones hurtles through a time portal to the 1930s, Kirk and Spock follow to save him and stop dangerous changes to the timeline, no matter the cost. —Michael Main
Novel
The Time Hoppers
- by Robert Silverberg
- (Doubleday, May 1967)
The High Government of the 25th century has directed Joe Quellen (a Level Seven) to find out who’s behind the escapes in time by lowly unemployed Level Fourteens and put a stop to it.
Suppose, he thought fretfully, some bureaucrat in Class Seven or Nine or thereabouts had gone ahead on his own authority, trying to win a quick uptwitch by dynamic action, and had rounded up a few known hoppers in advance of their departure. Thereby completely snarling the fabric of the time-line and irrevocably altering the past.
Short Story
Hawksbill Station
- by Robert Silverberg
- in Galaxy, August 1967
Jim Barrett was one of the first political prisoners sent on a one-way journey to a world of rock and ocean in 2,000,000,000 BC; now a secretive new arrival threatens to upset the harsh world that he looks after.
One of his biggest problems here was keeping people from cracking up because there was too little privacy. Propinquity could be intolerable in a place like this.
Novel
An Age
- by Brian Aldiss
- serialized New Worlds, October to December 1967
Once again, here’s an example that’s not time travel. Instead, an artist named Edward Bush (and others) “mind travel” to the Jurassic (and other ages) where they may view the past without physically traveling. Viewing the past is not time travel. Interestingly, though, the authoritarian government can’t seem to get their hands on the travelers while they’re traveling, so I am gonna count this as time travel.
On his last mind into the Devonian, when this tragic illness was brewing, he had intercourse with a young woman called Ann.
Short Story
The Night That All Time Broke Out
- by Brian Aldiss
- in Dangerous Visions, edited by Harlan Ellison (Doubleday, October 1967)
Aldiss confessed that this story contains one of the wackiest ideas that he ever had. Does it contain time travel? You should read the story first and decide for yourself, but here’s my spoil-laden take on the matter:
An invisible, subterranean gas can be supplied right to your house along with controls that let you control its delivery to your brain. Depending on the concentration, the result is to bring aspects of your previous consciousness (or that of your ancestors) right into your present-day brain: physical sensations, bodily abilities, mental attitudes, and the psychological make-up of the channeled person all take over your body, although you remain present. To me, this could be ancestral memory—perhaps passed down genetically and triggered by the newly discovered gas—but I’m going to list it as time travel.
An invisible, subterranean gas can be supplied right to your house along with controls that let you control its delivery to your brain. Depending on the concentration, the result is to bring aspects of your previous consciousness (or that of your ancestors) right into your present-day brain: physical sensations, bodily abilities, mental attitudes, and the psychological make-up of the channeled person all take over your body, although you remain present. To me, this could be ancestral memory—perhaps passed down genetically and triggered by the newly discovered gas—but I’m going to list it as time travel.
Fifi could not understand what on earth he was talking about. Every since leaving Plymouth, she had been adrift, and that not entirely metaphorically. It was bad enough playing Pilgrim Mother to one of the Pilgrim Fathers, but she did not dig this New World at all. It was now beyond her comprehension to understand that the vast resources of modern technology were fouling up the whole time schedule of a planet.
Short Story
A Toy for Juliette
- by Robert Bloch
- in Dangerous Visions, edited by Harlan Ellison (Doubleday, November 1967)
Feature Film
Journey to the Center of Time
- written and directed by David L. Hewitt
- (at movie theaters, USA, a forgettable day in 1967)
The writer, David L. Hewitt, took chunks of plot and script from The Time Travelers (1964), swapped the blonde for a brunette, swapped the accidental time gate for an accidental time rift that drags the whole lab through time as if it were a time ship, added a anachronistic dinosaur, and ended up with an unwatchable movie.
Like the 1964 version, this version has a brief mention that it’s impossible to change events that have already happened, but unlike the original, the montage at the end of the film is mere chaos that no longer reinforces the idea of a single deterministic, nonbranching timeline. Despite that, I enjoyed the consequences of the villainous character running into himself, but at the same time, I dismayed at the discussion of how meeting yourself could instantly cause a disastrous explosion or implosion or maybe something-or-other (the audio was unintelligible at 1:12) would cease to exist. (I pray that the space-time continuum wasn’t in peril). —Michael Main
Like the 1964 version, this version has a brief mention that it’s impossible to change events that have already happened, but unlike the original, the montage at the end of the film is mere chaos that no longer reinforces the idea of a single deterministic, nonbranching timeline. Despite that, I enjoyed the consequences of the villainous character running into himself, but at the same time, I dismayed at the discussion of how meeting yourself could instantly cause a disastrous explosion or implosion or maybe something-or-other (the audio was unintelligible at 1:12) would cease to exist. (I pray that the space-time continuum wasn’t in peril). —Michael Main
Well, isn’t it obvious, Manning? The war did happen. We didn’t get back with our warning.
Novel
Hawksbill Station
- by Robert Silverberg
- (Doubleday, October 1968)
The novelization pads out the original nine sections of the novella and adds five new chapters with Barrett’s backstory as a revolutionary, right to the point where he’s sent back to the station. I didn’t get much from the new chapters, and between the novel and the original story, I would recommend reading the original only.
So Hawksbill’s machine did work, and the rumors were true, and this was where they sent the troublesome ones. Was Janet here too? He asked. No, Pleyel said. There were only men here. Twenty or thirty prisoners, managing somehow to survive.
TV Episode
Assignment: Earth
- by Art Wallace, directed by Marc Daniels
- (NBC-TV, USA, 29 March 1968)
The Enterprise and her crew make their first intentional trip back in time to study historical aspects of 1968 and the Cold War, but unexpectedly, they intercept a transporter beam that brings the mysterious Gary Seven and his feline from a faraway advanced planet. —Michael Main
Humans of the 20th century do not go beaming around the Galaxy, Mr. Seven.
Feature Film
Je t’aime, je t’aime
- by Jacques Sternberg and Alain Resnais, directed by Alain Resnais
- (at movie theaters, France, 24 April 1968)
TV Episode
Spectre of the Gun
- by Gene L. Coon, directed by Vincent McEveety
- (NBC-TV, USA, 25 October 1968)
After barging into the space of the reclusive Melkotians, Kirk and his crew find themselves facing the Earps and Doc Holliday in a second-rate simulation of the 1881 gunfight at the O.K. Corral. —Michael Main
History has been changed in the fact that Billy Claiborne didn’t die, but Chekov is lying there dead.
TV Episode
Wink of an Eye
- by Arthur Heinemann, directed by Jud Taylor
- (NBC-TV, USA, 29 November 1968)
In an outer quadrant of the galaxy, the Enterprise is taken over by Deela and her subject Scalosians, who can accelerate their personal time frames to a point where everyone else seems frozen. —Michael Main
They cannot hear you, Captain. To their ears, you sound like an insect.
Novel
Novel
Novel
Slaughterhouse-Five
- by Kurt Vonnegut, Jr.
- (Delacorte Press, March 1969)
Billy Pilgrim, a World War II veteran and sometimes zoo occupant on a far-off planet, lives one moment of his life, then he’s thrown back to another, then forward again, and so on amidst the sadness of what men do to each other in this deterministic and fatalistic universe.
All this happened, more or less. The war parts, anyway, are pretty much true. One guy I knew really was shot in Dresden for taking a teapot that wasn’t his. Another guy I knew really did threaten to have his personal enemies killed by hired gunmen after the war. And so on.
TV Episode
All Our Yesterdays
- by Jean Lisette Aroeste, directed by Marvin J. Chomsky
- (NBC-TV, USA, 14 March 1969)
The three principal Trekkers find themselves on a planet where everyone is being evacuated to the past to escape an impending supernova. —Michael Main
Spock! You’re reverting into your ancestors, five thousand years before you were born!
Feature Film
Az idö ablakai
- by Tamás Fejér, Luca Karall, and Péter Kuczka, directed by Tamás Fejér
- (at theaters, Hungary, 22 October 1969)
Novel
Novel
Novel
Time and Again
- by Jack Finney
- (Simon and Shuster, 1970)
Si goes back to 19th century New York to solve a crime and (of course) fall in love.
This is Janet’s favorite time-travel novel, in which Finney elaborates on themes that were set in earlier stories such as “Double Take.” —Michael Main
This is Janet’s favorite time-travel novel, in which Finney elaborates on themes that were set in earlier stories such as “Double Take.” —Michael Main
There’s a project. A U.S. government project I guess you’d have to call it. Secret, naturally; as what isn’t in government these days? In my opinion, and that of a handful of others, it’s more important than all the nuclear, space-exploration, satellite, and rocket programs put together, though a hell of a lot smaller. I tell you right off that I can’t even hint what the project is about. And believe me, you’d never guess.
Novel
The Year of the Quiet Sun
- by Wilson Tucker
- (Ace Books, 1970)
Brian Chaney—researcher, translator, statistician, a little of this and that—is unwillingly drafted as the third member of a team (which includes Major Moresby and Lt. Commander Saltus) to study and map the central United States at the turn of the century, at about the year 2000.
For me, I see the tone of several later items, such as the TV show Seven Days, as descendants of Tucker’s novel—and we finally understand why the Terminator arrives at his destination naked.
For me, I see the tone of several later items, such as the TV show Seven Days, as descendants of Tucker’s novel—and we finally understand why the Terminator arrives at his destination naked.
She said: “It’s a matter of weight, Mr. Chaney. The machine must propel itself and you into the future, which is an operation requiring a tremendous amount of electrical energy. The engineers have advised us that total weight is a critical matter, that nothing but the passenger must be put forward or returned. They insist upon minimum weight.”
“Naked? All the way naked?”
Feature Film
Zabil jsem Einsteina, pánové
- by Josef Nesvadba, Miloš Macourek, and Oldřich Lipský, directed by Oldřich Lipský
- (at theaters, Czechoslovakia, 27 February 1970)
Novel
Novel
Short Story
One Life, Furnished in Early Poverty
- by Harlan Ellison
- in Orbit 8, edited by Damon Knight (G. P. Putnam’s Sons, December 1970)
At 42, Gus Rosenthal is in a place of security, importance, recognition—in short, the perfect time to dig up that toy soldier that he buried in his back yard 30 years ago with the knowledge that doing so will take him back to that time to be an influence on an angry, bullied 12-year-old Gus.
My thoughts were of myself: I’m coming to save you. I’m coming, Gus. You won’t hurt any more. . . you’ll never hurt.
Feature Film
Escape from the Planet of the Apes
- by Paul Dehn, directed by Don Taylor
- (premiered at an unknown movie theater, Los Angeles, 26 May 1971)
Among the original Apes movies, only this one had true time travel; the others involved only relativistic time dilation, which (as even Dr. Milo knows) is technically not time travel. But in this one, Milo, Cornelius, and Zira are blown back to the time of the original astronauts (given the violence of the explosion, we’re going to call it a time rift) and are persecuted in a 70s made-for-TV manner. —Michael Main
Given the power to alter the future, have we the right to use it?
Novel
Dinosaur Beach
- by Keith Laumer
- (Charles Scribner’s Sons, September 1971)
Timesweep agent Ravel finds himself the only survivor of an attack on the Dinosaur Beach substation until his wife shows up, although their marriage still lies in her future.
The Timesweep program was a close parallel to the space sweep. The Old Era temporal experimenters had littered the timeways with everything from early one-way timecans to observation stations, dead bodies, abandoned instruments, weapons and equipment of all sorts, including an automatic mining setup established under the Antarctic icecap which caused headaches at the time of the Big Melt.
Short Story
Time Travel for Pedestrians
- by Ray Nelson
- in Again, Dangerous Visions, edited by Harlan Ellison (Doubleday, March 1972)
Feature Film
Slaughterhouse-Five
- by Stephen Geller, directed by George Roy Hill
- (at movie theaters, USA, 15 March 1972)
Billy Pilgrim’s life, unstuck in time, is faithfully brought to the big screen, including the role of fellow patient Mr. Rosewater who, I believe, is reading a Kilgore Trout story. —Michael Main
I have come unstuck in time.
Novel
There Will Be Time
- by Poul Anderson
- (Nelson Doubleday, September 1972)
The doctor and confidant of Jack Havig relates Jack’s life story from the time the infant started disappearing and reappearing to the extended firefight through time with the few other time travelers that Havig encountered.
No, no, no. I suppose it’s simply a logical impossibility to change the past, same as it’s logically impossible for a uniformly colored spot to be both red and green.
Novel
An Alien Heat
- by Michael Moorcock
- (MacGibbon and Kee, October 1972)
The time machine from Moorcock’s earlier “Behold the Man‘ allows Jherek to pursue his romantic interest, Amelia Underwood, from Jherek’s own time to her Victorian age.
According to the alien Yusharisp, Jherek’s time is at the end of the universe, which allows this story to be billed as the last love story of the universe. However, the phrase ’last story’ might be slightly inappropriate for the first story of a series that includes three other novels and five short stories. The first three novels, including this one, are gathered in an omnibus edition called The Dancers at the End of Time.
According to the alien Yusharisp, Jherek’s time is at the end of the universe, which allows this story to be billed as the last love story of the universe. However, the phrase ’last story’ might be slightly inappropriate for the first story of a series that includes three other novels and five short stories. The first three novels, including this one, are gathered in an omnibus edition called The Dancers at the End of Time.
“Yes,” said Jherek. “I have already met the time-traveller. Last night. At the Duke of Queens’. I was so impressed by the costume that I made one up for myself.”
Feature Film
The Amazing Mr. Blunden
- written and directed by Lionel Jeffries
- (at movie theaters, UK, 30 November 1972)
As in the The Ghosts, which formed the basis for the film, a mysterious Mr. Blunden arranges for a widow and her children to move to an old English house while the rightful heir to the house is tracked down. But in the film, young Lucy and Jamie are in 1918 rather than the 1960s, and the “ghost children” are from 1818 rather than the 1860s. Nevertheless, Lucy, Jamie, Sara, George, and Tom all have the same adventure in the past along with a cool Grandchild Paradox. —Michael Main
Now is the time. Look straight ahead and don’t be afraid.
Novel
Frankenstein Unbound
- by Brian Aldiss
- (Jonathan Cape, 1973)
When the weapons of war-torn 2020 open time slips that unpredictably mix places and times, grandfather Joe Boderland finds himself and his nuclear-powered car in 1816 Switzerland along with the seductive Mary Shelley, a maniacal Victor Frankenstein, and Frankenstein’s monster.
You know, Joe, you are my first reader! A pity you don’t remember my book a little better!
Novel
Novel
Novel
The Man Who Folded Himself
- by David Gerrold
- (Random House, February 1973)
Reluctant college student Danny Eakins inherits a time belt from his uncle, and he uses it over the rest of his life to come to know himself.
The instructions were on the back of the clasp—when I touched it lightly, the words TIMEBELT, TEMPORAL TRANSPORT DEVICE, winked out and the first “page” of directions appeared in their place.
Novel
Our Children’s Children
- by Clifford D. Simak
- 2 pts, Worlds of If, May/June 1973 and July/August 1973
Novel
Time Enough for Love
- by Robert A. Heinlein
- (Putnam, June 1973)
During his 2000 years of misadventures, Lazarus Long has loved and lost and loved again, so now he’s to die, unless Minerva can think of an exciting adventure: perhaps visiting his own childhood?
This sad little lizard told me he was a brontosaurus on his mother’s side. I did not laugh, people who boast of ancestry often have little else to sustain them. Humoring them costs nothing and adds to happiness in a world in which happiness is always in short supply.
Feature Film
Sleeper
- by Woody Allen and Marshall Brickman, directed by Woody Allen
- (at movie theaters, USA, 17 December 1973)
Jazz musician Miles Monroe is conscripted into a long sleep and awakened 200 years later. —Michael Main
Look, you gotta be kidding. I wanna go back to sleep! If I don't get at least 600 years, I'm grouchy all day.
Novel
Short Story
A Little Something for Us Tempunauts
- by Philip K. Dick
- in Final Stage, edited by Edward L. Ferman and Barry N. Malzberg (Charterhouse, May 1974)
Addison Doug and his two fellow time travelers seem to have caused a time loop wherein everyone is reliving the same events with only vague memories of what happened on the previous loop.
Every man has more to live for than every other man. I don’t have a cute chick to sleep with, but I’d like to see the semi’s rolling along the Riverside Freeway at sunset a few more times. It’s not what you have to live for; it’s that you want to live to see it, to be there—that’s what is so damn sad.
Novel
The Hollow Lands
- by Michael Moorcock
- (Harper and Row, October 1974)
Still in pursuit of Amelia Underwood, Jherek again travels to Victorian England where he runs into her husband (oh, yes, that quaint Victorian Mrs. nomenclature) and a disbelieving H.G. Wells.
“No true Eloi should be able to read or write.” Mr. Wells puffed on his pipe, peering out of the window.
Novel
Short Story
Gibraltar Falls
- by Poul Anderson
- in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, October 1975
As part of an crew assigned to crew to observe the filling of the Mediterranean from the Atlantic in the late Micene, Patrolman Tom Nomura breaks the rules to use time travel to rescue Feliz a Rach when she’s swept over the falls. —Michael Main
The Mediterranean floor lay ten thousand feet below sea level. The inflow took most of that drop within a fifty-mile strait. Its volume amounted to ten thousand cubic miles a year, a hundred Victoria Falls or a thousand Niagaras.
Feature Film
Hu-Man
- by Jérôme Laperrousaz, André Ruellan, and Guillaume Laperrousaz, directed by Jérôme Laperrousaz
- (at theaters, France, 1 October 1975)
Novelette
Woman on the Edge of Time
- by Marge Piercy
- in Aurora: Beyond Equality, edited by Susan Janice Anderson and Vonda N. McIntyre (Fawcett Gold Medal, May 1976)
Novel
Novel
Novel
Short Story
Air Raid
- by John Varley
- in Asimov’s Science Fiction, Spring 1977
Mandy snatches doomed people from the past in order to populate her war-decimated time.
I had to choose between a panic if the fathead got them to thinking, and a possible panic from the flash of the gun. But when a 20th gets to talking about his “rights” and what he is “owed,&rdauo; things can get out of hand.
Novel
Time Storm
- by Gordon R. Dickson
- in Asimov’s Science Fiction, Spring-Summer 1977
Marc Despard, along with his teenaged friend Girl and their leopard Sunday, travels through an Earth ravaged by storms that push and pull swathes of land from one time to another.
Although the book was published in Oct 1977, it’s first half appeared as two long extracts in the first two issues of Asimov’s Science Fiction (“Time Storm” in Spring 1977 and “Across the River” in Summer 1977).
Although the book was published in Oct 1977, it’s first half appeared as two long extracts in the first two issues of Asimov’s Science Fiction (“Time Storm” in Spring 1977 and “Across the River” in Summer 1977).
In the weeks since the whole business of the time changes started, I had not been this close to being caught since that first day in the cabin northwest of Duluth, when I had, in fact, been caught without knowing what hit me.
Short Story
Short Story
The Very Slow Time Machine
- by Ian Watson
- in Anticipations, edited by Christopher Priest (Faber and Faber, 1978)
In 1985, a small impenetrable living pod appears out of nothing at the National Physics Laboratory. A window on one side shows the pod’s occupant: a delirious man who grows younger and saner through the years, although generally doing little other than sitting and reading, leading the observers to conclude that his quarters are in fact a VSTM taking him back through time at the rate of one year for each year of his life.
As of writing this, I am only partway through my reading and wondering so many things: When the man in the world at large who will eventually enter the machine realize that he is the traveler? From his perspective, what happened to the machine (and him!) when it materialized in 1985? (Ah! That question is answered shortly after it occurs to me.) For that matter, why doesn’t he himself, while in the pod, already know that he will reach 1985? To what extent does his very appearance cause the technology that permits his trip to occur? VCIS! (Very Cool Idea-Story!), although it offers little in plot or character.
As of writing this, I am only partway through my reading and wondering so many things: When the man in the world at large who will eventually enter the machine realize that he is the traveler? From his perspective, what happened to the machine (and him!) when it materialized in 1985? (Ah! That question is answered shortly after it occurs to me.) For that matter, why doesn’t he himself, while in the pod, already know that he will reach 1985? To what extent does his very appearance cause the technology that permits his trip to occur? VCIS! (Very Cool Idea-Story!), although it offers little in plot or character.
Our passenger is the object of popular cults by now—a focus for finer feelings. In this way his mere presence has drawn the world’s peoples closer together, cultivating respect and dignity, pulling us back from the brink of war, liberating tens of thousands from their concentration camps. These cults extend from purely fashionable manifestations—shirts printed with his face, now neatly shaven in a Vandyke style; rings and worry-beads made from galena crystals—through the architectural (octahedron and cube meditation modules) to life-styles themselves: a Zen-like “sitting quietly, doing nothing.”
Novel
Mastodonia
- by Clifford D. Simak
- (Del Rey, March 1978)
Asa Steele buys a farm near his boyhood farm in southwestern Wisconsin where the loyal Bowser and his simple friend Hiram talk to a lonely time-traveling alien who opens time roads for the three of them.
Maybe it takes gently crazy people and simpletons and dogs to do things we can’t do. Maybe they have abilities we don’t have.. . .
Feature Film
A Hitch in Time
- by T. E. B. Clarke, directed by Jan Darnley-Smith
- (unknown release details, 5 May 1978)
Feature Film
The Time Machine
- by Wallace Bennett, directed by Henning Schellerup
- (NBC-TV, USA, 5 November 1978)
For me, the update to the 1970s took this made-for-TV movie too far away from the original novel. For example, the Traveller (now a rocket scientist called Neil Perry) explains the workings of the machine with gibberish, whereas the original Traveller expressed himself with up-to-date mathematical terminology. The travel to the Salem witch trials and the California gold rush were also off the mark, as was the dreamy Weena who immediately speaks English. —Michael Main
Well, in principle, it utilizes a electromagnetic force field to molecularly reconstruct the space-time continuum.
Novel
Novel
Kindred
- by Octavia E. Butler
- (Doubleday, July 1979)
Dana Franklin, a 26-year-old African-American woman living in modern-day California, finds herself transported back to the antebellum south whenever young redheaded Rufus is in trouble.
Fact then: Somehow, my travels crossed time as well as distance. Another fact: The boy was the focus of my travels—perhaps the cause of them.
Feature Film
Unidentified Flying Oddball
- by Don Tait, directed by Russ Mayberry
- (premiered at an unknown movie theater, London, 19 July 1979)
A NASA spacecraft proves Einstein right when, travelling faster than light, it ends up near King Arthur's Camelot. On board are big-hearted Tom Trimble and Hermes, the look-alike robot he built. Tom immediately makes friends with pretty Alisande and enemies with the awful knight Sir Nordred. It seems Nordred is out to oust Arthur, while Alisande's father is not the goose she believes him to be but is also a victim of Nordred's schemes. It's as well the Americans have arrived. —from publicity material
Novel
Novel
Feature Film
Time after Time
- written and directed by Nicholas Meyer
- (Toronto International Film Festival, 7 September 1979)
Apart from the hero in The Time Machine movie (1960), this is the earliest that I’ve seen of the H.G.‑Wells-as-time-traveler subgenre. Our hero chases Jack the Ripper into the 20th century. —Michael Main
Ninety years ago I was a freak; today I am an amateur.
Feature Film
The Two Worlds of Jennie Logan
- written and directed by Frank De Felitta
- (CBS-TV, USA, 31 October 1979
Novel
The Number of the Beast
- by Robert A. Heinlein
- (Fawcett Columbine, 1980)
Semi-mad scientist Jake Burroughs, his beautiful daughter Deety, her strong love interest Zeb Carter, Hilda Corners (“Aunt Hilda” if you prefer) and their time/dimension-traveling ship Gay Deceiver yak and smooch their way though many time periods in many universes (including that of Lazurus Long), soon realizing the true nature of the world as pantheistic multiperson solipsism.
In Heinlein’s first version of this novel, written in 1977, the middle third of the story takes place on Barsoom, but in the 1980 published version, Barsoom was replaced by a futuristic British Mars —Michael Main
In Heinlein’s first version of this novel, written in 1977, the middle third of the story takes place on Barsoom, but in the 1980 published version, Barsoom was replaced by a futuristic British Mars —Michael Main
Sharpie, you have just invented multiperson solipsism. I didn’t think that was mathematically possible.
Novel
Thrice Upon a Time
- by James P. Hogan
- (Del Rey, March 1980)
In answer to his least favorite question, James Hogan explained (in the Jan 2006 Analog) that the idea for this novel came from an all night conversation with Charles Sheffield about the classic time-travel paradox of what happens if you send something back in time and the arrival of that thing is the very cause of you not sending said thing back in time. Much of the novel is a similar conversation between physicist Murdoch Ross, his friend Lee, and Murdoch’s Nobel Prize winning grandfather Charles who has invented a way to send messages through time.
Suppose your grandfather’s right. What happens to free will? If you can send information backward through time, you can tell me what I did even before I get around to doing it. So suppose I choose not to?
Feature Film
The Final Countdown
- by David Ambrose et al. , directed by Don Taylor
- (premiered at an unknown movie theater, London, 21 May 1980)
Observer Warren Lasky is aboard the U.S.S. Nimitz when a storm takes the carrier back to the day before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Should they prevent the attack? What will be the consequences of saving a politician who may become Roosevelt’s running mate? Then the ship is returned to the present before they can do anything vaguely cool. —Michael Main
Today is December 7, 1941. I’m sure we are all aware of the significance of this date in this place in history. We are going to fight a battle that was lost before most of you were born. This time, with God’s help, it’s going to be different. . . . Good Luck.
Novel
Feature Film
Somewhere in Time
- by Richard Matheson, directed by Jeannot Szwarc
- (at movie theaters, USA, 3 October 1980)
An elderly woman presses a pocket watch into a man’s hand, beseeching him to come back to her, and eventually) he does come back to her. We count this as science fiction rather than fantasy because of Professor Finney(!)’s attempt at an explanation of time travel via self-hypnosis, similar to the method in Jack Finney’s Time and Again (1970). In addition, the film may contain the first example of a looping artifact with no beginning and no end.
Wayne Winsett, owner of Time Warp Comics, tells me that this is his favorite time travel movie. Wayne is not alone in his assessment of Christopher Reeve and Jane Seymour, as the film now enjoys a mild cult following. —Michael Main
Wayne Winsett, owner of Time Warp Comics, tells me that this is his favorite time travel movie. Wayne is not alone in his assessment of Christopher Reeve and Jane Seymour, as the film now enjoys a mild cult following. —Michael Main
Come back to me.
Short Story
The Gernsback Continuum
- by William Gibson
- in Universe 11, edited by Terry Carr (Doubleday, June 1981)
Short Story
Feature Film
Time Bandits
- by Michael Palin and Terry Gilliam, directed by Terry Gilliam
- (at movie theaters, USA, 16 July 1981)
A boy’s bedroom is invaded by six dwarves who have stolen The Supreme Being’s map, which naturally leads both boy and dwarves on adventures through time. —Michael Main
Is it all ready? Right. Come on then. Back to creation. We mustn’t waste any more time. They’ll think I’ve lost control again and put it all down to evolution.
Novelette
Novel
No Enemy But Time
- by Michael Bishop
- (Timescape Books, April 1982)
After a falling out with his parents over their commercialization of his Pleistocene dreams, John Monegal changes his name to Joshua and finds a way to actually travel to the Pleistocene where he lives with the Homo zarakalensis, fathers a daughter, and eventually brings her back to the twentieth century and beyond.
Until the moment of my departure, you see, my life had been a slide show of dreams divided one from another by many small darknesses of wakeful dread and anticipation.
Short Story
The River of Time
- by David Brin
- Isaac Asimov’s Science Fiction Magazine, May 1982
Daniel Brand, a science fiction writer, walks us through the new world where he lives that started when a large number of people seemingly froze in place. —Michael Main
Physicians listened to heartbeats that dragged on, lonely and deep, for over a minute per. They worried over eyes that refused to blink, yet remained somehow moist. They despaired over encephalograms whose spikes could be counted in single neuron flashes, adding up to a complex pattern that was . . . normal!
Feature Film
Timerider: The Adventure of Lyle Swann
- by William Dear and Michael Nesmith, directed by William Dear
- (premiered at an unknown movie theater, Austin, Texas, 27 August 1982)
Now that I know that one of the Monkees wrote this time-travel yarn of a dirtbiker riding his motorcycle through a time portal and into the Old West, the universe begins to make sense. —Michael Main
You shot it. What a bunch of dumb sons of bitches. You shot it—a machine, you butt-heads!
Short Film
Time Out
- written and directed by John Landis
- (at movie theaters, USA, 24 June 1983)
The Twilight Zone anthology movie reprises three of the original show’s stories along with one new story, “Time Out” by John Landis, in which disgruntled bigot Bill Connor finds himself as a Jew in World War II German occupied Europe, a black man facing the clan in mid-20th century America, and a man in a Vietnamese jungle during the Second Indochina War. —Michael Main
Ray, help! Larry! It’s me!
Novel
Feature Film
The Philadelphia Experiment
- by Michael Janover and William Gray, directed by Stewart Raffill
- (at movie theaters, USA, 3 August 1984)
Seaman David Herdeg and his pal are thrown from 1943 to 1984 during a naval experiment gone awry, and in that future, David is the only one who can save a missing town (provided he can dodge enough bullets and perhaps win the heart of Allison Hayes). —Michael Main
Navy owes me 40 years back pay.
Feature Film
The Terminator
- by James Cameron and Gale Anne Hurd, directed by James Cameron
- (at movie theaters, USA, 26 October 1984)
Artificially intelligent machines from 2029 send a killer cyborg back to 1984 to kill Sara Connor because, in 2029, her son John will lead the resistance against the machines’ rule.
The story has a classic self-defeating act: The Terminator goes back in time to kill Sara Connor, causing Kyle Reese to follow and become romantic with Sara Connor, causing John Connor to be born and eventually lead the revolution, causing the Terminator to go back in time to kill Sara Connor, . . . —Michael Main
The story has a classic self-defeating act: The Terminator goes back in time to kill Sara Connor, causing Kyle Reese to follow and become romantic with Sara Connor, causing John Connor to be born and eventually lead the revolution, causing the Terminator to go back in time to kill Sara Connor, . . . —Michael Main
Kyle: [to Sarah at the Tech-Noir Club] Come with me if you want to live.
Feature Film
Trancers
- by Danny Bilson and Paul De Meo, directed by Charles Band
- (at movie theaters, UK, 7 November 1984)
In the first of six (really!) Trancer movies (plus a “lost” short), heroic trancer-hunter (and newly anointed time cop) Jack Deth follows evil trancer-maker Martin Whistler from 2247 to 1985 via drug-induced time-travel that can take you back only to the body of an ancestor. —Michael Main
Greetings to the council. As you may have gathered, I have survived the pathetic trap set by Trooper Deth on Mecon 7. For twelve long years, you have hunted my disciples like dogs. Now, my day of vengeance is at hand. I’ve synthesized a time drug, and in a moment shall retreat down the dark corridors of history. Know that it is I who is solely responsible for your demise. One by one, your ancestors shall be murdered, and you, their progeny, shall cease to exist. Then shall I return, join my legion, and claim the seat of power for my own. Adieu . . . adieu . . .
Feature Film
Feature Film
Back to the Future
- by Robert Zemeckis and Bob Gale, directed by Robert Zemeckis
- (at movie theaters, USA, 3 July 1985)
Typical skateboarding teenager Marty McFly meets Doc Brown for the first test of his DeLorean time machine, but when Libyan terrorists strike, things go awry, Marty and the DeLorean end up in 1955 where his parents are teens, and the Doc of 1955 must now send Marty back to the future. —Michael Main
Next Saturday night, we’re sending you . . . back to the future!
Short Story
Paladin of the Lost Hour
- by Harlan Ellison
- in Universe 15, edited by Terry Carr (Doubleday, August 1985)
Feature Film
My Science Project
- written and directed by Jonathan R. Betuel
- (at movie theaters, USA, 9 August 1985)
Not even the support of a young Fisher Stevens (Gary’s friend Chuck from Early Edition) could rescue this story of a high school motorhead who steals a power-sucking, space-time transforming orb from a military base for his science project. —Michael Main
Now that sounds like we’re dealing with a time-space warp.
Novel
Feature Film
Novel
Highway of Eternity
- by Clifford D. Simak
- (Del Rey, June 1986)
Jay Corcoran and Tom Boone are trying to track down a missing client when the building they are in is demolished and the two of them jump into a time machine that takes them to one of the pockets of rebels from the far future who are resisting the decorporealization of man.
Horace, the hardheaded, practical lout, the organizer, the schemer. Emma, the moaner, the keeper of our consciences. Timothy, the student. Enid, the thinker. And I, the loafer, the bad example, the one who makes the others feel virtuous.
Feature Film
Flight of the Navigator
- by Michael Burton and Matt MacManus, directed by Randal Kleiser
- (at movie theaters, USA, 1 August 1986)
Twelve-year-old David Freeman stumbles down a ravine and wakes up eight years later without having aged. The explanation is that David was taken on a quick trip to the planet Phaelon, taking 2.2 hours for him while eight years passed on Earth. Relativistic time dilation, right? That’s the explanation, but it doesn’t scan because Phaelon is a full 560 light years from Earth, so at least 1120 years would have passed on Earth unless the aliens truly did have some form of time travel. The clincher comes at the end when David explicitly travels through time. Conclusion: alien time travel technology. —Michael Main
This is totally rad. You’re like my big little brother.
Feature Film
Peggy Sue Got Married
- by Jerry Leichtling and Arlene Sarner, directed by Francis Ford Coppola
- (New York Film Festival, 5 October 1986)
Middle-aged Peggy Sue has two grown children and an adulterous husband whom she married at 18, so will she do things the same when she finds herself back in 1960 in her senior year of high school? —Michael Main
Well, Mr Snelgrove, I happen to know that in the future I will not have the slightest use for algebra, and I speak from experience.
Novel
Feature Film
Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home
- by Steve Meerson et al., directed by Leonard Nimoy
- (at movie theaters, Canada, 21 November 1986)
As the brave crew of the Enterprise are returning to Earth on a Klingon Bird of Prey to stand trial for the events of the previous movie, Spock determines that Earth’s demise is imminent unless they can return to 1986 and retrieve a humpback whale (which they proceed to do).
I saw this in the theater with Deb Baker and Jon Shultis during a winter trip to Pittsburgh for a small computer science education conference. —Michael Main
I saw this in the theater with Deb Baker and Jon Shultis during a winter trip to Pittsburgh for a small computer science education conference. —Michael Main
McCoy: You realize that by giving him the formula you’re altering the future.
Scotty: Why? How do we know he didn’t invent the thing?
Novel
Replay
- by Ken Grimwood
- (Arbor House, January 1987)
After 43-year-old radio newsman Jeff Winston dies, he finds himself back in his 18-year-old body in 1963—an occurrence that keeps happening each time he dies again in 1988; eventually, in one of his lives, he finds Pamela, another replayer, and they work at figuring out the meaning of it all (without success).
So he hadn’t died. Somehow, the realization didn’t thrill him, just as his earlier assumption of death had failed to strike him with dread.
Feature Film
Timestalkers
- by Brian Clemens, directed by Michael Schultz
- (CBS-TV, USA, 10 March 1987)
After the death of his wife and child, Dr. Scott McKenzie stumbles upon a tintype photograph from the Old West showing three corpses, a shooter, and a modern Magnum 357, leading him to develop a theory of time travel that is confirmed when a beautiful woman from the future appears and takes him back to the Old West to chase the shooter, save President Cleveland, and pursue other obvious plot developments.
Spoiler: At the end, I believe that Georgia uses her time crystal to send Scott back for a do-over on the day of his family’s death. This is disappointing since up until that point, the film has set up a perfect example of a single, nonbranching timeline. —Michael Main
Spoiler: At the end, I believe that Georgia uses her time crystal to send Scott back for a do-over on the day of his family’s death. This is disappointing since up until that point, the film has set up a perfect example of a single, nonbranching timeline. —Michael Main
What if Cole came back to set off a chain of events that would eventually destroy the one man who stood in his way?
Novel
Feature Film
The Time Guardian
- by John Baxter and Brian Hannant, directed by Brian Hannant
- (at movie theaters, Australia, 3 December 1987)
When terminatoresque cyborgs attack a future Australian city (headed by Quantum Leap’s favorite scoundrel, Dean Stockwell, and defended by everyone’s favorite princess, Carrie Fisher), the scientists take them all back to 1988—a fine plan until the evil cyborgs follow. —Michael Main
One city attempted to escape their onslaught by unraveling the secrets of time and travelling back in a desperate search for a safer age . . . they succeeded and time was their friend until the arrival yet again of their relentless enemy.
Novel
Timetrap
- by David Dvorkin
- (Titan Books, June 1988)
Determined to discover what the Klingons are doing in Federation space, Captain Kirk beams aboard their ship with a security team, just as the stormflares to its highest intensity. As the bridge crew watches in horror, Mauler vanishes from the Enterprise’s viewscrreen. And James T. Kirk awakens . . . one hundred years in the future. —from publicity material
His age, his century, his civilization—they were all gone. This was now his universe. The fact was irreversible. So be it. I will adjust.
Feature Film
The Navigator: A Medieval Odyssey
- by Geoff Chapple, Kely Lyons, and Vincent Ward, directed by Vincent Ward
- (Toronto International Film Festival, 16 September 1988)
To ward off the Black Death, young Griffin, local hero Connor, and others from their village plan to dig a hole through the Earth where they’ll give an offering to the powers that be, but instead, they end up digging a tunnel to a marvelous twentieth-century city. —Michael Main
Think how much power you’d need for all that!
Feature Film
Bill and Ted’s Excellent Adventure
- by Chris Matheson and Ed Solomon, directed by Stephen Herek
- (at movie theaters, USA, 17 February 1989)
The Two Great Ones, Bill S. Preston, Esq., and Ted “Theodore” Logan, are the subjects of time-traveler Rufus’s mission, but instead they end up using his machine to write a history report to save their band, Wyld Stallyns. —Michael Main
Most excellent!
Short Story
The Price of Oranges
- by Nancy Kress
- in Asimov’s Science Fiction, April 1989
Harry’s closet takes him back to 1937 where his social security income buys cheaper oranges, treats for his friend Manny, and possibly a companionable man for his jaded granddaughter Jackie.
Harry bought a pair of socks, thick gray wool, for 89 cents. When the man took his dollar, Harry held his breath: each first time made a little pip in his stomach. But on one ever looked at the dates of old bills. He bought two oranges for five cents each, and then, thinking of Manny, bought a third. At a candystore he bought G-8 and His Battle Aces for fifteen cents. At The Collector’s Cozy in the other time they would gladly give him thirty dollars for it. Finally, he bought a cherry Coke for a nickel and headed towards the park.
Feature Film
Field of Dreams
- written and directed by Phil Alden Robinson
- (at limited movie theaters, USA, 21 April 1989)
Corn farmer Ray Kinsella is called to build a ballpark in his cornfield; once the field is built, various ballplayers from the past come. The players seem more like ghosts who regard the field as their heaven rather than time travelers, so the actual time travel element is slight, arising from a walk when Ray slips into 1972. —Michael Main
If you build it, they will come.
Novel
Short Story
The Return of William Proxmire
- by Larry Niven
- in What Might Have Been, vol. 1, Alternate Empires, edited by Gregory Benford and Martin H. Greenberg (Bantam Books, August 1989)
Feature Film
Millennium
- by John Varley, directed by Michael Anderson
- (at movie theaters, West Germany, 24 August 1989)
Cheryl Ladd plays Louise Baltimore opposite Kris Kristopherson’s Bill Smith in this movie adaptation of Varley’s novel (1983), although on-screen credit is given only to his earlier short story “Air Raid” (1977). —Michael Main
For one thing, paradoxes can occur. Say you build a time machine, go backwards in time and murder your father when he was ten years old. That means you were never born. And if you were never born, how did you build the time machine? Paradox! It's the possibility of wiping out your own existence that makes most people rule out time-travel. Still, why not? If you were careful, you could do it.
Feature Film
Back to the Future II
- by Bob Gale, directed by Robert Zemeckis
- (at movie theaters, USA, 22 November 1989)
Doc Brown takes Marty and Jennifer from 1985 to 2015 to save their children from a bad fate, but the consequences pile up when Biff also gets in on the time-travel action. —Michael Main
The time-traveling is just too dangerous. Better that I devote myself to study the other great mystery of the universe—women!
Novel
TV Episode
Yesterday’s Enterprise
- by Ira Steven Behr et al., directed by David Carson
- (Paramount Domestic Television, USA, 19 February 1990) [syndicated]
Feature Film
Back to the Future III
- by Bob Gale, directed by Robert Zemeckis
- (at movie theaters, USA, 25 May 1990)
Marty and 1955-Doc travel back to the Old West where 1985-Doc is trapped along with various Biff ancestors and a possible love interest for Doc. —Michael Main
Doc: [blowing train whistle] I’ve wanted to do that my whole life!
Novel
Novel
Novel
Outlander
- by Diana Gabaldon
- (Delacorte Press, July 1991)
I am a snob. Normally, I relegate time travel romances to the slag heap at the end of each year. But this novel changed the whole genre from a backwater to a raging waterfall, so it gets its own happy spot in the grown-up list.
The truth is that nothing moved, nothing changed, nothing whatever appeared to happen and yet I experienced a feeling of elemental terror so great that I lost all sense of who, or what, or where I was. I was in the heart of chaos, and no power of mind or body was of use against it.
Feature Film
Terminator 2: Judgment Day
- by James Cameron and William Wisher, directed by James Cameron
- (premiered at an unknown movie theater, Los Angeles, 1 July 1991)
Once more, the machines from 2029 send back a killer cyborg, this time a T-1000 to kill young John Connor in 1995, but Resistance-leader Connor of the future counters by sending a reprogrammed original T-800 to save himself. —Michael Main
The T-800: [to Sarah at the Pescadero State Hospital] Come with me if you want to live.
Novel
Feature Film
Freejack
- by Steven Pressfield, Ronald Shusett, and Dan Gilroy, directed by Geoff Murphy
- (at movie theaters, USA, 17 January 1992)
Novel
Novel
Novel
Novel
The Guns of the South
- by Harry Turtledove
- (Ballantine Books, October 1992)
A faction from the early 21st century brings boatloads of AK-47 machine guns back to General Lee in the War between the States.
My friends and I—everyone who belongs to America Will Break—come from a hundred and fifty years in your future.
Feature Film
Army of Darkness
- by Sam Raimi and Ivan Raimi, directed by Sam Raimi
- (Sitges Film Festival, 9 October 1992)
A Connecticut Yankee (or maybe a Michigan Yankee) in King Arthur's Court meets the Living Dead and their kin. —Michael Main
This is my boom-stick. It’s a 12-guage, double barreled Remington—S-mart’s top-of-the-line. You’ll find them in the sporting goods department.
Feature Film
Groundhog Day
- by Danny Rubin and Harold Ramis, directed by Harold Ramis
- (premiered at an unknown movie theater, Los Angeles, 4 February 1993)
In the quintessential time loop movie, jaded weatherman Phil Connors (no relation to John Connor) is in Puxtahawny to cover the Groundhog Day goings-on, continually repeating the day and—after losing his jaded edge—striving for Rita’s heart. —Michael Main
So this will be the last time we do Groundhog together.
Feature Film
12:01
- by Philip Morton, directed by Jack Sholder
- (FOX-TV, USA, 5 July 1993)
Trapped in a one-day time loop, Barry Thomas tries to bring down the company that’s causing the loop, hopefully coming to a happy ending with the gorgeous scientist who runs the project. —Michael Main
Barry: Oh my God. It’s twelve o’clock.
Lisa: No! We’ve got to do something!
Barry: There’s no time. Quick, tell me what your favorite color is.
Feature Film
Philadelphia Experiment II
- by Kevin Rock and Nick Paine, directed by Stephen Cornwell
- (premiered at an unknown movie theater, New York City, 12 November 1993)
At the end of the first movie, David Herdeg was left in 1983 America; ten years later, another experiment sends a nuclear bomb to 1943 Germany and David must go back to stop it from creating a Nazi-ruled world. —Michael Main
That plane got sucked back there. Landed in the heart of Nazi Germany.
Novel
Feature Film
A.P.E.X.
- by Phillip J. Roth and Ron Schmidt, directed by Philip J. Roth
- (Fantasporto Film Festival, Porto, Portugual, February 1994)
Novel
Short Film
Feature Film
Timecop
- by Mark Verheiden, directed by Peter Hyams
- (at movie theaters, USA, 16 September 1994)
Agent Van Damme (aka Agent Walker) of the Time Enforcement Commission goes back in time to blow lots of stuff up in hopes of saving his already-blown-up wife. —Michael Main
I can’t tell you anything. He’ll send somebody back to wipe out my grandparents. It’ll be like I’ve never existed. My mother, my father, my wife, my kids, my fucking cat.
Feature Film
Star Trek Generations
- by Ronald D. Moore and Brannon Braga, directed by David Carson
- (premiered at an unknown movie theater, Los Angeles, 17 November 1994)
Novel
Novelette
Feature Film
12 Monkeys
- by David Webb Peoples and Janet Peoples, directed by Terry Gilliam
- (premiered at an unknown movie theater, New York City, 8 December 1995)
In the year 2035, with the world devastated by an artificially engineered plague, convict James Cole is sent back in time to gather information about the plague’s origin so the scientists can figure out how to fight it. —Michael Main
If you can’t change anything because it’s already happened, you may as well smell the flowers.
Novel
Johnny and the Bomb
- by Terry Pratchett
- (Doubleday, 1996)
In this third book of the series, teenaged Johnny Maxwell and his yahoo friends uses Mrs. Tachyon’s shopping trolley to travel through time to World War II.
. . . if you go mad, do you know you’ve gone mad? If you don’t, how do you know you’re not mad?
Novel
Pastwatch: The Redemption of Christopher Columbus
- by Orson Scott Card
- (Tor Books, February 1996)
Diko, a second-generation researcher in a project that observes the past, discovers that it’s actually possible to send objects to the past and that a previous timeline did just this to alter Christopher Columbus’s fate; now, Diko and two others propose a further alteration that involves three travelers going to the 15th century.
All of history was available, it seemed, and yet Pastwatch had barely scratched the surface of the past, and most watchers looked forward to a limitless future of rummaging through time.
Feature Film
Star Trek: First Contact
- by Brannon Braga and Ronald D. Moore, directed by Jonathan Frakes
- (premiered at an unknown movie theater, Los Angeles, 18 November 1996)
Picard and the Enterprise travel back to 2063 to stop the Borg from preventing Zefram Cochrane’s invention of the warp drive. —Michael Main
Assimilate this!
Novel
Novel
Patton’s Spaceship
- by John Barnes
- (HarperPrism, January 1997)
After the hyperviolent killing of his family, private eye Mark Strang morphs into a self-taught military operative, fighting in a 1960s alternate, Nazi Berkeley against those-who-would-control-all-timelines.
I classify the Timeline Wars as alternate history (or timelines) more so than time travel, but within those timelines, Mark does travel to different epochs.
I classify the Timeline Wars as alternate history (or timelines) more so than time travel, but within those timelines, Mark does travel to different epochs.
The current president was a Nazi; his opponent in the 1960 election had been Strom Thurmond, and the paper seemed to be in hysterics about Thurmond the “sore loser” having the termerity to criticize the government that had won the election. Their reference to him as an “ultra-liberal crazy” came very close to making me laugh out loud. . . I suppose context is everything.
Novel
Washington’s Dirigible
- by John Barnes
- (HarperPrism, May 1997)
In the continuing battle to save the timelines, Mark Strang heads to skies of Colonial America and 18th-century Britain.
She might have said more except that at that moment the sky darkened above us; a passenger dirigible was coming in. I wondered how Chrys was reacting to all this; I knew her home civilization was spacefaring,but after some roaming around in the timelines you realize that’s a bit like knowing that a civilization uses counterpoint in music or the arch a lot in architecture—it isn&rsquyo;t the fact that they use it, but what they do with it, that really matters.
Novel
Caesar’s Bicycle
- by John Barnes
- (HarperPrism, October 1997)
Mark Strang heads back to a classic Rome that, because of the evil Closers, isn’t quite our Rome.
The bicylce had wooden spoked wheels, but the tires were pretty obviously rubber. The “chain” was a knotted rope, which ran through large wooden pin gears, and it didn’t look like they’d developed the coaster brake yet, which may have explained why the helmet had a number of prominent dents.
Novel
Feature Film
Lost in Space
- by Akiva Goldsman, directed by Stephen Hopkins
- (at movie theaters, USA, 3 April 1998)
The Robinsons hope to open up a new planet for colonization—and if they fail there is always Dr. Smith’s time machine to let them try again, unless perhaps Smith goes back even further and . . . —Michael Main
Will Robinson, I will tell you a joke. Why did the robot cross the road? Because he was carbon bonded to the chicken.
Novel
Feature Film
Frequency
- by Toby Emmerich, directed by Gregory Hoblit
- (at movie theaters, USA, 28 April 2000)
In 1999, John Sullivan, who lives in his boyhood home, finds an old ham radio that his dad had built, and he naturally wants to see whether it still works. As it turns out, not only does it work, but it puts him in communication with 1969 where he talks to his dad, Frank, on the very day before Frank’s death in a fire. With help from John, Frank avoids the fire, which gives his 1999 son the memories of both a fatherless life and a life where Frank survived but John’s mother did not. —Michael Main
I want you to hide that wallet someplace where nobody’s gonna find it for thirty years.
Feature Film
Planet of the Apes
- by William Broyles, Jr., Lawrence Konner, and Mark Rosenthal, directed by Tim Burton
- (premiered at an unknown movie theater, New York City, 23 July 2001)
I found two redeeming features in this melodramatic complete remake of the first Planet of the Apes film: Helena Bonham Carter and a time-travel twist at the end that was beyond my understanding. —Michael Main
In this temple as in the hearts of the apes for whom he saved the planet the memory of General Thade is enshrined forever
Short Story
Time Out of Mind
- by Everett S. Jacobs
- in L. Ron Hubbard Presents Writers of the Future Volume XVII, edited by Algis Budrys (Bridge Publications, August 2001)
Thomas Randall, young and single, lives in a world that is besotted by bubbles that shift acres from one time to another.
The rotting carcass of an apatosaurus blocked the intersection of Highway 9 and Needham Road.
Novel
Feature Film
The Time Machine
- by John Logan, directed by Simon Wells
- (premiered at an unknown movie theater, Los Angeles, 4 March 2002)
This version (definitely not your grandfather’s time machine) has imaginative settings, but for me, the refactored plot was all dramatic music and no substance. —Michael Main
You built your time machine because of Emma’s death. If she had lived, it would never have existed. So how could you use your machine to go back in time and save her? You are the inescapable result of your tragedy, just as I am the inescapable result of you. You have your answer. Now go.
Feature Film
A Wrinkle in Time
- by Susan Shilliday, directed by John Kent Harrison
- (Toronto International Film Festival for Children, 25 April 2003)
I’m sorry, but apart from the fact that instantaneous travel through space always implies time travel, I didn’t see a lick of time travel in this version of Madeleine L’Engle’s classic. —Michael Main
We’re mostly just ordinary.
Novel
TV Episode